Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessRegister subscriber account on target site
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DeliveryIdentify WP Crowdfunding object reference endpoints
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ExploitCraft authenticated requests with enumerated object IDs
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ExecutionBypass object-level authorization check
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ImpactRetrieve restricted campaign or donor data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to hold a subscriber-level (or higher) authenticated account on the target WordPress installation, confirmed by the CVSS vector PR:L. The WP Crowdfunding plugin (Themeum) must be installed and active on the site in a version prior to 2.2.1. Network access to the WordPress site is required (AV:N). Exploitation is limited to confidentiality - attackers can read restricted object data but cannot modify or delete records (I:N, A:N). Sites that do not permit open user self-registration significantly limit the attacker pool, as account creation becomes a prerequisite that requires either social engineering or a separate account-creation vulnerability. No specific non-default plugin configuration is documented as required beyond the plugin being active. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N yields a score of 6.5 (Medium), which accurately reflects the risk profile: network-exploitable with low attack complexity but requiring at least a subscriber account (PR:L). The confidentiality impact is rated High, suggesting full or significant exposure of protected campaign or backer data - no integrity or availability impact is present, consistent with a read-only IDOR. No EPSS data was provided, KEV status is absent (meaning no confirmed active exploitation), and no POC code has been identified. Despite the Medium base score, the practical risk on sites with open user registration is elevated - subscriber accounts on WordPress are trivially obtainable on most sites that allow self-registration, effectively reducing the authentication barrier. The tag 'Authentication Bypass' is noted but may reflect the bypassing of object-level authorization rather than bypassing login authentication entirely; this distinction should be verified with the Patchstack advisory. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker registers a free subscriber account on a WordPress site running WP Crowdfunding prior to 2.2.1, then submits authenticated API or form requests with sequentially enumerated or guessed object IDs referencing campaigns or backer records owned by other users. By iterating over valid object identifiers, the attacker retrieves confidential campaign details, donor identities, or financial contribution records that the plugin fails to restrict at the authorization layer. No public exploit code has been identified, but the low technical complexity of IDOR exploitation means this is within reach of any moderately skilled attacker with a valid account. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 18, 2026
Insecure Direct Object References in WP Crowdfunding (Themeum) versions prior to 2.2.1 allow authenticated subscriber-level users to access campaign objects, donor records, or financial data they are not authorized to view. The vulnerability, discovered and reported by Patchstack, stems from missing authorization checks on direct object references within the plugin, enabling lateral data exposure across campaigns or users. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor patch is available.
RemediationAI
Upgrade WP Crowdfunding to version 2.2.1 or later immediately, as a vendor-released patch is available per Patchstack's advisory. WordPress site administrators can update through the WordPress admin dashboard under Plugins > Installed Plugins, or by downloading the updated package from the plugin repository. If immediate patching is not possible, a compensating control is to disable new user self-registration (Settings > General, uncheck 'Anyone can register') to prevent unauthenticated external attackers from obtaining subscriber accounts; this limits exploitation to already-registered users but does not eliminate the vulnerability for existing subscribers. Restricting access to campaign object endpoints via a WAF rule targeting enumerable object ID parameters is an additional layer, though rule specificity requires knowledge of the plugin's exact endpoint structure. Full remediation details are at https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-crowdfunding/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-crowdfunding-plugin-2-2-1-insecure-direct-object-references-idor-vulnerability.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) is the root cause class - the plugin constructs references to internal objects (campaigns, backer data, transactions) using user-supplied identifiers without verifying that the requesting user holds the appropriate authorization to that specific resource. The affected product is the WP Crowdfunding WordPress plugin by Themeum (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:themeum:wp_crowdfunding:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), a plugin that enables campaign creation and backer management on WordPress sites. Because WordPress subscriber-level roles are typically the lowest registered user role, any site user with a basic account could potentially enumerate and retrieve objects owned by other campaigns or users.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Subscriber account required (PR:L); network-reachable IDOR exposes confidential data (C:H) with no write or availability impact; low complexity and no interaction needed.
Primary rating from Vendor (Patchstack).
CVSS VectorVendor: Patchstack
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Subscriber Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) in WP Crowdfunding < 2.2.1 versions.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
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EUVD-2026-60939
GHSA-4928-5chh-qpxf
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB