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Frappe LMS CVE-2026-61806

| EUVDEUVD-2026-114253 MEDIUM
Missing Authorization (CWE-862)
2026-10-30 GitHub_M
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged LMS user
  2. Exploit
    Request unpublished certificate by identifier
  3. Execution
    Bypass missing owner/staff authorization check
  4. Impact
    Read other users' certificate details

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization checks on every request
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated low-privileged account on the Frappe LMS instance (CVSS PR:L); the attacker then retrieves unpublished certificate records by their identifier that should be restricted to the certificate owner and authorized staff. Limiting factors: authentication is required (not anonymous), impact is read-only disclosure of certificate details with no data modification or privilege escalation, and access to published certificates by identifier is intentional and unaffected. All versions prior to 2.54.2 are affected; upgrading to 2.54.2 is the only remediation (vendor states no workaround).

Impact

This is a confidentiality-only broken-access-control flaw (CWE-862, Missing Authorization) in Frappe LMS, and the signals consistently point to a moderate, non-urgent issue rather than a top priority. The supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N) scores 5.3 (Medium): network-reachable and low-complexity, but requiring PR:L - i.e. an authenticated, low-privileged account - and yielding only low confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability impact (the advisory and description both confirm no data modification and no privilege escalation). The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month', consistent with a medium-severity, address-in-normal-cycle item. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no proof-of-concept exploit were provided; the only references are the GHSA advisory, the fix commit, and the release tag. There is no conflict between the vector and the description: both agree exploitation requires an authenticated user who then retrieves unpublished certificate records they do not own. Net assessment: a real but bounded data-exposure issue - worth patching on a normal schedule, not an emergency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An authenticated low-privileged user of a Frappe LMS instance requests certificate records by their identifier and receives unpublished certificates belonging to other users, exposing certificate details that should be restricted to the owner and authorized staff. No public exploit code was identified; the fix commit shows the root cause was a missing 'and doc.published' check on read/print permission. Exploitation yields only read access to certificate data - no modification or privilege gain.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 30, 2026

Frappe Learning Management System (LMS) prior to 2.54.2 lets authenticated low-privileged users retrieve and view certificate records that were never published, exposing certificate details belonging to other users instead of restricting them to the certificate owner and authorized staff. The flaw is a missing-authorization problem (CWE-862) in the LMS Certificate permission handling, scored 5.3 with a confidentiality-only impact - no data modification or privilege gain is possible, and lookups of published certificates (the mechanism third parties use for verification) continue to work as intended. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry is associated with this issue at time of analysis, which carries a this_month priority label.

RemediationAI

Upgrade Frappe LMS to version 2.54.2 or later - this is the vendor's stated and only complete remediation, and the advisory explicitly lists no workaround. The patch is the small controller change in commit e0a898825ebf924f376ff8985c4248fc48139cf5, which adds a published check before read/print permissions are granted on the LMS Certificate DocType; verify the deployed build reports 2.54.2+ after upgrading and that the site's assets/restart are refreshed so the patched Python controller is loaded. For instances that cannot be upgraded immediately, there is no vendor-supported compensating control: the exposure is reachable by any authenticated account, so the practical interim measures are to audit and publish or delete stale unpublished LMS Certificate records (reducing what can be disclosed) and to restrict which accounts can log in to the LMS (limiting who can attempt the lookup) - both reduce exposure but do not close the missing authorization check, and neither is offered by the vendor as a fix. Advisory and release references: https://github.com/frappe/lms/security/advisories/GHSA-xjj9-h64v-254g and https://github.com/frappe/lms/tree/v2.54.2.

Affected VersionsENISA

LMS < 2.54.2

Affected Packages

euvd lms fix: 2.54.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Frappe LMS is built on the Frappe framework, where access control is expressed through DocType permissions; the affected component is the LMS Certificate DocType controller (lms/lms/doctype/lms_certificate/lms_certificate.py). Per the upstream commit, the controller's on_update handler granted read and print permissions in a branch guarded only by permission type, meaning the grant applied whether or not the certificate record had been published. The fix narrows that condition to "ptype in [\"read\", \"print\"] and doc.published", so permission is only extended once the record is actually published. The CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) classification matches this: the authorization decision existed but did not account for publication state, allowing a user who is not the certificate owner and not authorized staff to fetch unpublished certificate documents by identifier. Because the CVSS/changelog explicitly scopes impact to confidentiality, the practical consequence is disclosure of certificate metadata/content only - integrity and availability of the application are untouched, and there is no path to elevation of privilege described in the available sources.

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Authenticated low-privileged user (PR:L) exploits a network-reachable missing-authorization check with no user interaction; only low confidentiality impact, no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
Patch available
Oct 30, 2026 - 19:03 EUVD

DescriptionCVE.org

Frappe Learning Management System (LMS) is a learning system that helps users structure their content. Prior to version 2.54.2, unpublished certificate records can be retrieved and viewed by users who should not have access, rather than being limited to the certificate owner and authorized staff. This can expose certificate details belonging to other users. Access to published certificates by their identifier is intentional for third-party verification and is not affected. The issue does not allow modifying data or gaining elevated privileges. This issue is fixed in version 2.54.2.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 84% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source learning management system, limited enterprise deployment footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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