What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-3661?

CVE-2026-3661 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.0 (Low). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2026-3661?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2026-3661. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2026-3661?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Validate input sanitization for user-controlled parameters.

Wl Nu516u1 Firmware CVE-2026-3661

LOW

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)

2026-03-07 cna@vuldb.com

Command Injection Wl Nu516u1 Firmware Wavlink

2.0

CVSS 4.0 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-74 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Impact	CVSS 4.7 (MEDIUM). Attack vector: Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: High. User interaction: None. Exploitable via remote/network. Public exploit/POC available.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to compromise the affected system.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).

No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Command injection in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware allows remote attackers with high privileges to execute arbitrary commands through the model parameter in the OTA upgrade function. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and no patch is currently available. The impact is limited to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected device.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 4.7

A flaw has been found in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 240425. This affects the function ota_new_upgrade of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi. [CVSS 4.7 MEDIUM]

RemediationAI

Monitor vendor advisories for a patch. Restrict network access to the affected service where possible.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Affects Wl-Nu516U1 Firmware. A flaw has been found in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 240425. This affects the function ota_new_upgrade of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi. This manipulation of the argument model causes command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 2.0 LOW

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

Low

Vulnerable system: Availability

Low

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Severity Changed

Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD

MEDIUM LOW

CVSS changed

Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD

4.7 (MEDIUM) 2.0 (LOW)

PoC Detected

Mar 10, 2026 - 16:30 vuln.today

Public exploit code

CVE Published

Mar 07, 2026 - 14:16 nvd

MEDIUM 4.7

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw has been found in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 240425. This affects the function ota_new_upgrade of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi. This manipulation of the argument model causes command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using A flaw should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2026-3661, a injection vulnerability rated CVSS 4.7. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute code or inject malicious input. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: deploy WAF rules, restrict network access, enable logging.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 65% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

5 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity LOW

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +10

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS Command Injection CRITICAL

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:wavlink:wl-nu516u1_firmware:m16u1_v240425:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Related Vulnerabilities in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 Command Injection

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CVE-2026-3662 LOW POC

2.0

More in Wl Nu516u1 Firmware

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CVE-2026-3703 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Mar 08

Wavlink NU516U1 firmware 251208 has a buffer overflow enabling remote code execution through crafted HTTP requests to th

CVE-2026-3612 HIGH This Week POC

7.2 Mar 06

Remote code execution in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands thro

CVE-2026-2615 HIGH This Week POC

7.2 Feb 17

Wl-Nu516U1 Firmware versions up to 20251208. contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to command injection (CVSS 7

CVE-2026-3613 HIGH This Week POC

7.2 Mar 06

Stack-based buffer overflow in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware's login.cgi allows remote attackers with high privileges to a

CVE-2026-2567 HIGH This Week POC

7.2 Feb 16

Remote code execution in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware through a stack-based buffer overflow in the nas.cgi User1Passwd pa

CVE-2026-2565 MEDIUM This Month POC

6.6 Feb 16

Stack overflow in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware's /cgi-bin/adm.cgi allows remote attackers with high privileges to achieve

CVE-2025-10961 MEDIUM This Month POC

5.1 Sep 25

A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is

CVE-2025-9149 LOW Monitor POC

2.1 Aug 19

A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability

CVE-2025-10964 LOW Monitor POC

2.1 Sep 25

A weakness has been identified in Wavlink NU516U1. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely expl

CVE-2025-10963 LOW Monitor POC

2.1 Sep 25

A security flaw has been discovered in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerabili

CVE-2025-10962 LOW Monitor POC

2.1 Sep 25

A vulnerability was identified in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is

CVE-2025-10960 LOW Monitor POC

2.1 Sep 25

A vulnerability was found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remo

Same weakness CWE-74 – Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')

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CVE-2019-2725 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2013-2251 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2022-27924 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2016-4010 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2015-1592 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2025-20281 CRITICAL POC

10.0

CVE-2023-29525 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2015-7309 MEDIUM POC

6.5

Same technique Command Injection

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CVE-2024-21887 CRITICAL POC

9.1

CVE-2019-15107 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2016-3081 HIGH POC

8.1

CVE-2024-51378 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2012-1823 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2016-1555 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2014-6271 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2024-55956 CRITICAL POC

9.8

References

Advisories & patches

REF https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.349550 REF https://vuldb.com/?id.349550 REF https://vuldb.com/?submit.758227

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GitHub PoC

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