Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Alternate path authentication
|
| Impact | This vulnerability presents moderate real-world risk despite a lower CVSS score of 5.3. The attack vector is network-based with no authentication required (PR:N per CVSS vector) and low complexity, meaning an attacker with basic network access can exploit this without sophisticated techniques. The integrity impact (I:L) is limited but meaningful-unauthorized generation of callback payloads could poison message routing or trigger unintended callback execution. CVSS does not rate confidentiality or availability impact, suggesting the primary concern is integrity of the callback mechanism rather than data breach or DoS. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and affects the complete DM pairing security model. While not confirmed as actively exploited via CISA KEV, the straightforward nature (low complexity, no auth, network-accessible) suggests exploitation is likely if the vulnerability becomes widely known. This is a priority for environments relying on OpenClaw's pairing model for access control. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker on the network crafts a raw card command with a malformed or omitted pairing token and sends it to an OpenClaw deployment. The vulnerable raw card handler accepts the command without verifying DM pairing state, allowing the attacker to trigger callback payload generation and execution as if they were a legitimate paired recipient. This could allow unauthorized callback triggering, message injection, or routing manipulation depending on the callback implementation. No public proof-of-concept code has been identified, but the simplicity of the bypass (network access, no auth, low complexity) makes exploitation straightforward once the specific bypass technique is understood. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 10, 2026
OpenClaw before version 2026.3.25 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the raw card send surface that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to send malformed card commands, bypassing DM pairing restrictions and reaching callback handlers without proper authorization. This enables unpaired recipients to mint legacy callback payloads, resulting in integrity compromise of the messaging protocol. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed, but the low attack complexity and network accessibility make this a practical vulnerability.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: OpenClaw version 2026.3.25 and later. Upgrade immediately to the patched version, which addresses the authentication bypass by implementing proper validation of card commands against the DM pairing state before callback payload processing. The upstream fix is available in commit 81c45976db532324b5a0918a70decc19520dc354 and corresponding tagged release. No interim workarounds are documented; patching is the primary remediation path. Refer to the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-77w2-crqv-cmv3 for detailed upgrade instructions and validation procedures.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in npm
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Technical ContextAI · show details
OpenClaw's card send functionality implements a Direct Messaging (DM) pairing mechanism intended to restrict callback payload generation to authorized paired recipients. The vulnerability stems from improper input validation in the raw card command parser (CWE-288: Authentication Bypass by Alternate Route), allowing attackers to craft specially-formed card commands that circumvent the pairing validation checks. The affected component processes callback payloads through a legacy pathway that does not enforce authentication state verification before executing callback handlers. This affects all versions of OpenClaw distributed via the cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* CPE identifier prior to version 2026.3.25.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
OpenClaw before 2026.3.25 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in raw card send surface that allows unpaired recipients to mint legacy callback payloads. Attackers can send raw card commands to bypass DM pairing restrictions and reach callback handling without proper authorization.
Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 3 npm packages depend on openclaw (3 direct, 0 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 2026.3.28.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
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CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
GitHub
Exploit-DB