Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M) · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Lifecycle Timeline
6DescriptionCVE.org
Bulwark Webmail is a self-hosted webmail client for Stalwart Mail Server. Prior to version 1.4.10, the GET /api/auth/session endpoint previously included the user's plaintext password in the JSON response. This exposed credentials to browser logs, local caches, and network proxie. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.10.
AnalysisAI
Bulwark Webmail prior to version 1.4.10 exposes user plaintext passwords through its session API endpoint, allowing network-positioned attackers to harvest credentials from browser logs, local caches, and network proxies. The /api/auth/session endpoint returns authentication credentials in JSON responses without encryption, creating an information disclosure vulnerability (CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though exploitation requires only network access with no authentication (CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N), making this a straightforward attack for adversaries monitoring network traffic or accessing browser storage.
Technical ContextAI
This vulnerability affects the Bulwark Webmail client (CPE 2.3:a:bulwarkmail:webmail), a self-hosted web interface for Stalwart Mail Server. The root cause is CWE-312 (Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information), where the application's session management endpoint returns sensitive authentication data without proper protection. The GET /api/auth/session API endpoint includes plaintext passwords in its JSON response payload, violating fundamental security principles for credential handling. When applications expose authentication secrets through API responses, those credentials become accessible to multiple attack surfaces: browser developer consoles logging HTTP responses, local browser caches storing API data, HTTP proxies (corporate, ISP, or malicious) intercepting traffic, and browser extensions with network monitoring capabilities. Modern web applications should never transmit passwords in API responses after initial authentication; session tokens or encrypted credentials are the standard secure alternatives. This architectural flaw represents a fundamental mishandling of sensitive data in the session management layer.
RemediationAI
Upgrade immediately to Bulwark Webmail version 1.4.10 or later, which patches the credential exposure vulnerability in the session API endpoint. The vendor released version 1.4.10 specifically addressing this issue, available at https://github.com/bulwarkmail/webmail/releases/tag/1.4.10. Organizations should prioritize this update for internet-facing deployments and environments with untrusted network paths. Post-upgrade, administrators should review server logs, proxy logs, and browser cache storage for potential credential exposure during the vulnerability window, and consider forcing password resets for affected users if credential interception is suspected. No workarounds are documented in the security advisory; upgrading to the patched version is the only complete remediation. Consult the full security advisory at https://github.com/bulwarkmail/webmail/security/advisories/GHSA-47pm-883h-885r for additional vendor guidance.
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Same weakness CWE-312 – Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
View allSame technique Information Disclosure
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-18530