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Red Hat CVE-2026-33173

MEDIUM
Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver (CWE-925)
2026-03-23 https://github.com/rails/rails
Information Disclosure Red Hat Suse
5.3
CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-925
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Configuration Dependency management, component inventory
Impact

While no CVSS score or vector is provided in the advisory, the vulnerability's classification as CWE-925 and tagging as 'Information Disclosure' suggests moderate risk with limited direct impact potential. The attack vector is clearly CVSS:AV:N (network-accessible upload endpoint), likely requires low privileges (unauthenticated upload capability depending on configuration), and has low complexity (simple HTTP metadata injection). The lack of a KEV listing and EPSS data suggests this is not widely exploited in the wild despite being a logical server-side validation flaw. The real-world impact depends heavily on downstream processing logic that relies on these flags—if the 'identified' or 'analyzed' flags bypass important security checks or processing steps, the risk escalates significantly. However, the presence of patches across three release branches (indicating multiple version lines affected) and the clear vendor advisory suggest the Rails team took this seriously enough to coordinate rapid fixes.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker uploads a file via the DirectUploadsController while supplying a crafted metadata payload that sets the 'identified' flag to true without the file actually being processed through the proper identification pipeline. If the application logic downstream trusts this flag to indicate that file type detection, virus scanning, or content analysis has occurred, the attacker can bypass these security checks, potentially uploading malicious or misrepresented content that the application would normally have rejected or processed more strictly. The attack requires only network access to the upload endpoint and standard HTTP knowledge, making it practically exploitable by any attacker with access to the upload functionality.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 23, 2026

Rails Active Storage's DirectUploadsController accepts and persists arbitrary client-supplied metadata on blob objects, allowing attackers to manipulate internal flags like 'identified' and 'analyzed' that should only be set by the server. This affects Ruby on Rails versions across multiple release branches (7.2.x, 8.0.x, and 8.1.x prior to the patched versions 7.2.3.1, 8.0.4.1, and 8.1.2.1), and while not currently listed in the KEV catalog, patches are available from the vendor indicating acknowledgment of the issue's validity.

RemediationAI

Immediately upgrade Rails to patched versions: 7.2.3.1 or later, 8.0.4.1 or later, or 8.1.2.1 or later, as appropriate for your deployed version. The patches are available via standard RubyGems channels and GitHub releases (see https://github.com/rails/rails/releases). Until patching is completed, restrict access to the DirectUploadsController to authenticated users only via application-level authorization checks, and consider disabling direct uploads entirely if not essential to your application workflow. Review any custom metadata handling code that may interact with blob metadata to ensure it does not assume server-side control of the 'identified' or 'analyzed' flags. The committed fixes (available at the GitHub commit hashes provided in the advisory) implement proper server-side validation to prevent client-supplied metadata from overwriting reserved internal flags.

Affected Packages

rubygems activestorage fix: 7.2.3.1, 8.0.4.1, 8.1.2.1

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in rubygems

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Rails Active Storage (CPE: pkg:rubygems/activestorage) is Ruby on Rails' built-in framework for handling file uploads and storage integration. The vulnerability stems from CWE-925 (Improper Verification of Source Ownership), wherein the DirectUploadsController accepts metadata from untrusted client sources without proper validation or sanitization. The blob metadata hash is used to store both user-supplied information and critical internal state flags (identified, analyzed) that control downstream processing behavior. By accepting arbitrary metadata in direct uploads, the controller conflates user data with system state, allowing clients to forge internal flags that the application assumes can only be set through proper server-side processing pipelines.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SUSE MEDIUM
Red Hat 7.6 MEDIUM

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Mar 23, 2026 - 21:00 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Mar 23, 2026 - 20:54 nvd
MEDIUM 5.3

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Impact

Active Storage's DirectUploadsController accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like identified and analyzed are stored in the same metadata hash, a malicious direct-upload client could set these flags.

Releases

The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2026-33173 presents moderate security risk rated CVSS 5.3. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. A patch is available and should be applied during regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 97% exploitable
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium
NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment Vendor GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Low
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

pkg:rubygems/activestorage
pkg:rubygems/activestorage
pkg:rubygems/activestorage

Same weakness CWE-925 – Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver

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CVE-2025-68613 HIGH POC
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CVE-2015-1701 HIGH POC
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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.0 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.1 Fixed

References

Advisories & patches
PATCH https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/707c0f1f41f067fdf96d54e99d43b28dfaae7e53 PATCH https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/8fcb934caadc79c8cc4ce53287046d0f67005b3e PATCH https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d9502f5214e2198245a4c1defe9cd02a7c8057d0 ADVISORY https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/352627 REF https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg REF https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.2.3.1 REF https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.4.1 REF https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1

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