What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-27198?

CVE-2026-27198 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2026-27198?

Within 24 hours: Audit account creation logs and review all recently created user accounts for unauthorized privilege grants. Within 7 days: Apply the available vendor patch to all Formwork instances running versions 2.0.0-2.3.3. Within 30 days: Conduct security review of user roles and permissions across all patched systems and reset credentials for any suspicious accounts created during the vulnerability window.

Formwork CVE-2026-27198

HIGH

Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269)

2026-02-21 security-advisories@github.com

GHSA-34p4-7w83-35g2

Privilege Escalation Formwork Formwork Project

8.8

CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory

View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

Access

Authenticate as editor user
Delivery

Access account creation endpoint
Exploit

Assign admin role without privilege check
Execution

Gain administrative access
Impact

Compromise CMS

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-269 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2025 - Insecure Design ASVS 5.0 V8 - Authorization Least privilege enforcement MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Exploitation Conditions	Formwork versions 2.0.0-2.3.3 with an existing editor-role user account. The account creation feature must be accessible to authenticated users with editor privileges, and role assignment must occur during user provisioning without privilege validation.
Impact	CVSS 8.8 (HIGH). Attack vector: Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: Low. User interaction: None. Exploitation requires authentication.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker (requires authentication) could exploit this flaw, full administrative access and complete compromise of the CM.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).

Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Formwork CMS versions 2.0.0 through 2.3.3 fail to validate user privileges during account creation, allowing authenticated editors to create admin accounts and gain full CMS control. An attacker with editor-level access can exploit this authorization bypass to escalate privileges without restriction, completely compromising the application. A patch is available in version 2.3.4.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 22:04 CVSS 8.8

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available — apply it immediately. Fixed in version 2.3.4.. Restrict network access to the affected service where possible.

Affected Packages

composer getformwork/formwork fix: 2.3.4

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in composer

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Classified as CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management). Affects Formwork. Formwork is a flat file-based Content Management System (CMS). In versions 2.0.0 through 2.3.3, the application fails to properly enforce role-based authorization during account creation. Although the system validates that the specified role exists, it does not verify whether the current user has sufficient privileges to assign highly privileged roles such as admin. As a result, an authenticated user with the editor role can create a new account with administrative privileges, leading to full ad

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 8.8 HIGH

AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 03, 2026 - 17:33 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Feb 21, 2026 - 06:17 nvd

HIGH 8.8

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Formwork is a flat file-based Content Management System (CMS). In versions 2.0.0 through 2.3.3, the application fails to properly enforce role-based authorization during account creation. Although the system validates that the specified role exists, it does not verify whether the current user has sufficient privileges to assign highly privileged roles such as admin. As a result, an authenticated user with the editor role can create a new account with administrative privileges, leading to full administrative access and complete compromise of the CMS. This issue has been fixed in version 2.3.4.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Formwork CMS versions 2.0.0-2.3.3 contain a critical authorization bypass vulnerability that could allow unauthorized users to create accounts with elevated privileges, potentially compromising content integrity and system access. Organizations running affected versions face immediate risk of privilege escalation and unauthorized administrative access.

Business Impact: High

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 87% exploitable

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +44

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Privilege Escalation HIGH

Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.