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IoT CVE-2026-25532

MEDIUM
Integer Underflow (CWE-191)
2026-02-04 security-advisories@github.com
6.3
CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integer underflow checks
Impact

CVSS 6.3 (MEDIUM). Attack vector: Adjacent Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: None. User interaction: Required.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker could exploit this flaw, a very large unsigned value.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. [CVSS 6.3 MEDIUM]

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available — apply it immediately.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Classified as CWE-191 (Integer Underflow). Affects Esp-Idf. ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.2, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, and 5.1.6, a vulnerability exists in the WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) Enrollee implementation where malformed EAP-WSC packets with truncated payloads can cause integer underflow during fragment length calculation. When processing EAP-Expanded (WSC) messages, the code computes frag_len by subtracting header sizes from the total packet length. If an attacker sends a packet where the EAP

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Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 6.3 MEDIUM
AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Feb 20, 2026 - 17:13 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Feb 04, 2026 - 18:16 nvd
MEDIUM 6.3

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.2, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, and 5.1.6, a vulnerability exists in the WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) Enrollee implementation where malformed EAP-WSC packets with truncated payloads can cause integer underflow during fragment length calculation. When processing EAP-Expanded (WSC) messages, the code computes frag_len by subtracting header sizes from the total packet length. If an attacker sends a packet where the EAP Length field covers only the header and flags but omits the expected payload (such as the 2-byte Message Length field when WPS_MSG_FLAG_LEN is set), frag_len becomes negative. This negative value is then implicitly cast to size_t when passed to wpabuf_put_data(), resulting in a very large unsigned value. This issue has been patched in versions 5.5.3, 5.4.4, 5.3.5, 5.2.7, and 5.1.7.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using ESF-IDF should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2026-25532 rated CVSS 6.3. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. A patch is available and should be applied during regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 93% exploitable
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Controlled
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.1.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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