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Xweb 300d Pro Firmware CVE-2026-25085

HIGH
Unexpected Status Code or Return Value (CWE-394)
2026-02-27 ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov
Authentication Bypass Xweb 300d Pro Firmware Xweb 500b Pro Firmware Xweb 500d Pro Firmware Copeland
8.6
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Send crafted authentication request
  2. Delivery
    Trigger unexpected return value in auth routine
  3. Exploit
    Process invalid response as legitimate
  4. Execution
    Bypass authentication mechanism
  5. Impact
    Access system with elevated privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-394
OWASP Top 10:2025
A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions
ASVS 5.0
V16 - Security Logging and Error Handling Status code handling
Exploitation Conditions

No special conditions — remote unauthenticated exploitation against Copeland XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior with default authentication configurations.
Impact

CVSS 8.6 (HIGH). Attack vector: Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: None. User interaction: None.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker could exploit this flaw, an authentication bypass.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Copeland XWEB Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier suffer from an authentication bypass vulnerability where malformed authentication responses are incorrectly validated as legitimate, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to gain unauthorized access. The flaw affects multiple XWEB Pro models (500d, 300d, and 500b) with a CVSS score of 8.6 indicating high severity, though no patch is currently available. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could bypass security controls and potentially access sensitive device functionality without valid credentials.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 8.6

A vulnerability exists in Copeland XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, in which an unexpected return value from the authentication routine is later on processed as a legitimate value, resulting in an authentication bypass. [CVSS 8.6 HIGH]

RemediationAI

Monitor vendor advisories for a patch. Restrict network access to the affected service where possible.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Affects Xweb 500B Pro Firmware. A vulnerability exists in Copeland XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, in which an unexpected return value from the authentication routine is later on processed as a legitimate value, resulting in an authentication bypass.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 8.6 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability exists in Copeland XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, in which an unexpected return value from the authentication routine is later on processed as a legitimate value, resulting in an authentication bypass.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Copeland XWEB Pro versions 1.12.1 and earlier contain an authentication bypass vulnerability that could allow unauthorized users to gain system access without valid credentials. This affects any organization using this building management system, potentially exposing facility controls and sensitive operational data to external attackers.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Implement network segmentation to restrict XWEB Pro access from untrusted networks; enforce VPN/multi-factor authentication for all remote access; deploy WAF rules to monitor and block suspicious authentication patterns; disable remote management interfaces if not required; implement enhanced logging and real-time alerting for authentication failures; restrict XWEB Pro to trusted IP addresses via firewall rules.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 77% exploitable
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium
NVD CVE.org EPSS GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

43
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +43
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:copeland:xweb_500b_pro_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:copeland:xweb_300d_pro_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:copeland:xweb_500d_pro_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Xweb 300d Pro Firmware

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Authentication bypass in Copeland XWEB Pro HVAC controller version 1.12.1 and prior due to weak cryptographic algorithm.
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Unauthenticated OS command injection in Copeland XWEB Pro HVAC controller version 1.12.1 and prior. EPSS 0.96% indicates
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Remote code execution in Xweb 300d/500b/500d Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to

CVE-2026-25195 HIGH
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Remote code execution in XWEB Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitra
CVE-2026-25111 HIGH
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Remote code execution in XWEB Pro versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary OS com
CVE-2026-25109 HIGH
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Remote code execution in Xweb 300d Pro, 500d Pro, and 500b Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated
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Remote code execution in XWEB Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitra
CVE-2026-24689 HIGH
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Remote code execution in XWEB Pro firmware (versions 1.12.1 and earlier) allows authenticated attackers to execute arbit
CVE-2026-21389 HIGH
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Remote code execution in XWEB Pro firmware (versions 1.12.1 and earlier) allows authenticated attackers to execute arbit
CVE-2026-20910 HIGH
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Remote code execution in XWEB Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitra
CVE-2026-20902 HIGH
8.0 Feb 27

Remote code execution in Xweb 300d Pro, 500b Pro, and 500d Pro firmware (version 1.12.1 and prior) allows authenticated

CVE-2026-20742 HIGH
8.0 Feb 27

Remote code execution in XWEB Pro firmware versions 1.12.1 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitra

Same weakness CWE-394 – Unexpected Status Code or Return Value

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CVE-2025-22854 MEDIUM
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CVE-2026-107785 MEDIUM
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CVE-2023-28975 MEDIUM
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Same technique Authentication Bypass

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CVE-2024-0012 CRITICAL POC
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References

Advisories & patches
REF https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-057-10.json REF https://webapps.copeland.com/Dixell/Pages/SystemSoftwareUpdate REF https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-057-10

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