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Online Reviewer System CVE-2026-2197

MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)
2026-02-09 cna@vuldb.com
5.5
CVSS 4.0 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Send HTTP request to exam-delete.php
  2. Exploit
    Inject SQL payload in test_id parameter
  3. Execution
    Execute arbitrary SQL commands
  4. Impact
    Extract or modify database records

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Exploitation Conditions

No special conditions — remote unauthenticated exploitation against default installations of code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 with the /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/exam-delete.php endpoint exposed and accepting unsanitized test_id parameter input.

Impact

CVSS 7.3 (HIGH). Attack vector: Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: None. User interaction: None. Exploitation requires authentication. Exploitable via remote/network. Public exploit/POC available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker (requires authentication) could exploit this vulnerability to compromise the affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

SQL injection in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 allows remote attackers to manipulate the test_id parameter in the exam-delete.php file, enabling unauthorized database access and modification without authentication. The vulnerability has public exploit code available and currently lacks a patch, posing an immediate risk to unpatched installations. Affected organizations using this system should prioritize mitigation strategies while awaiting official remediation.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:54 CVSS 7.3

A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/exam-delete.php. [CVSS 7.3 HIGH]

RemediationAI

Monitor vendor advisories for a patch. Use parameterized queries. Implement input validation. Restrict network access to the affected service where possible.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Affects Online Reviewer System. A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/exam-delete.php. This manipulation of the argument test_id causes sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Severity Changed
Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD
HIGH MEDIUM
CVSS changed
Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD
7.3 (HIGH) 5.5 (MEDIUM)
PoC Detected
Feb 10, 2026 - 15:08 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Feb 09, 2026 - 01:16 nvd
HIGH 7.3

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/exam-delete.php. This manipulation of the argument test_id causes sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity vulnerability in the Online Reviewer System's exam management function could allow unauthorized deletion or manipulation of assessment data, potentially compromising the integrity of educational records and system availability. This affects any organization using code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 and requires immediate containment given the public availability of exploit code and absence of vendor patches.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to restrict access to /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/exam-delete.php by IP whitelist; require multi-factor authentication for admin accounts; disable the exam deletion feature if operationally feasible; segment the admin interface behind VPN or bastion host access; enable comprehensive audit logging for all assessment modifications; implement database-level backups with immutable snapshots to enable recovery from unauthorized deletions.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 92% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

48
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:fabian:online_reviewer_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2021-41646 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 29

Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in Sourcecodester Online Reviewer System 1.0 by uploading a maliciously

CVE-2021-27130 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 14

Online Reviewer System 1.0 contains a SQL injection vulnerability through authentication bypass, which may lead to a rev

CVE-2023-2596 MEDIUM POC
6.3 May 09

A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Online Reviewer System 1.0 and classified as critical. Rated medium severity

CVE-2026-109620 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Oct 13

SQL injection in SourceCodester Online Reviewer System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to alter the SQL quer

CVE-2026-2166 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 08

SQL injection in the Online Reviewer System 1.0 login function allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate use

CVE-2026-2195 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 09

SQL injection in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 via the ID parameter in the questions-view.php file allows una

CVE-2026-2912 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 22

SQL injection in Online Reviewer System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate the test_id parameter

CVE-2026-2221 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 09

SQL injection in the login component of code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers

CVE-2026-2220 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 09

SQL injection in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 via the difficulty_id parameter in /system/system/admins/asses

CVE-2026-2199 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 09

SQL injection in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate the ID p

CVE-2026-2198 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 09

SQL injection in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 via the difficulty_id parameter in /system/system/admins/asses

CVE-2026-2196 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 09

SQL injection in code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate the test

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