Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSubscribe to public popup form
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DeliveryReceive confirmation email containing pps_nonce
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ExploitCraft POST to admin-ajax.php with action=save and role=administrator
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ExecutionPermission blocklist collision allows unauthenticated execution of save()
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PersistcreateWpSubscriber() creates account with no role validation
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ImpactAttacker logs in as WordPress Administrator
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Least privilege enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The plugin must be installed and active on a WordPress site, and at least one popup with a subscriber opt-in form must be published and accessible to unauthenticated visitors - this is the standard use case the plugin is designed for, making it effectively a default-configuration issue for any site using the subscription feature. The attacker must be able to receive email at the address submitted to the subscription form in order to obtain the |
| Impact | The NVD CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) is broadly accurate but the PR:L designation warrants scrutiny. The description explicitly characterises the attacker as unauthenticated; the only prerequisite is submitting a subscription form - a fully public action - to harvest a |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker visits a WordPress site running Smart Popup by Supsystic with a visible subscriber opt-in popup, submits their email address to trigger the subscription confirmation flow, and harvests the |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 05, 2026
Privilege escalation in the Smart Popup by Supsystic WordPress plugin (all versions through 1.12.0) enables unauthenticated remote attackers to create persistent WordPress Administrator accounts with attacker-controlled credentials. Three compounding flaws are chained: a PHP array_merge() collision silently removes the save action from the popup module's permission blocklist, the subscription confirmation email leaks a reusable pps_nonce that the wp_ajax_nopriv_save endpoint accepts, and createWpSubscriber() applies no server-side role allowlist - allowing an attacker to freely set params[tpl][sub_wp_create_user_role]=administrator. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is confirmed at time of analysis, but the attack chain is fully described in the CVE and the low complexity makes independent weaponization likely.
RemediationAI
Update the Smart Popup by Supsystic plugin to a version released after SVN changeset 3629986 once a tagged release is published; check the WordPress.org plugin page for the latest available version. The upstream fix modifies subscribe.php and should address the role allowlist gap in createWpSubscriber(). Until a confirmed patched release is available, apply the following compensating controls in priority order: disable the plugin entirely if popup subscriber signup forms are not business-critical (eliminates the exposed AJAX endpoint at zero other cost); if the plugin must remain active, use a WAF rule or Nginx/Apache rewrite to block unauthenticated POST requests to admin-ajax.php where the action parameter equals save and the action_module parameter equals popup (note: this may also block legitimate admin save operations and should be validated in a staging environment first); audit the WordPress wp_users table for any unexpected administrator-role accounts created after the plugin was installed. Refer to the Wordfence advisory for detection guidance.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected component is the WordPress plugin popup-by-supsystic (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:supsysticcom:smart_popup_by_supsystic:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), a PHP plugin operating within the WordPress AJAX handler framework. The root cause class is CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management), manifested across three code locations. First, classes/frame.php line 180 uses array_merge() to merge permission maps; because PHP's array_merge() renumbers integer-keyed arrays and overwrites string-keyed entries, the popup module's protected-methods array is silently replaced by the base controller's shallower list, removing the save method from the blocklist. Second, modules/subscribe/models/subscribe.php (lines 292, 358, 440) drives the subscriber confirmation flow and passes a generic pps_nonce into confirmation emails without scoping it to a specific action. Third, modules/popup/models/popup.php line 316 implements createWpSubscriber() without any WordPress capability check or role allowlist, accepting attacker-supplied role parameters verbatim via the exposed popupControllerPps::save() AJAX action registered on the wp_ajax_nopriv_save hook.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Subscription form is public; nonce retrieval requires no authentication, so PR:N is more accurate than the reported PR:L; all other metrics from the official vector are sound.
Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).
CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence
DescriptionCVE.org
The Smart Popup by Supsystic plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.12.0. This is due to a permission map collision in the havePermissions() function in classes/frame.php, where array_merge() overwrites the popup module's administrator-restricted method list with the base controller's value, silently removing save from protected actions; this is compounded by the subscription confirmation email embedding the same generic pps_nonce that the unauthenticated wp_ajax_nopriv_save endpoint accepts, and by the complete absence of any server-side role allowlist in createWpSubscriber(). This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to submit a crafted POST request to admin-ajax.php using a nonce obtained from a public subscription confirmation email, setting params[tpl][sub_wp_create_user_role] to administrator via the exposed popupControllerPps::save() action, and then triggering the stored confirmation flow to create a persistent WordPress Administrator account with attacker-chosen credentials.
Executive ViewAI
The Smart Popup by Supsystic WordPress plugin (versions through 1.12.0) contains a critical privilege escalation vulnerability enabling unauthenticated attackers to create persistent administrator accounts and fully compromise WordPress installations. Although no public exploit is identified at time of analysis, the attack requires low technical complexity and the complete attack chain is disclosed in the CVE, presenting realistic attack risk. Organizations running this plugin face immediate exposure to data theft, malware injection, and complete loss of site control.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Immediate interim mitigations: completely remove the Smart Popup by Supsystic plugin from all installations; audit and delete all unauthorized WordPress administrator accounts created in the past 90 days; implement Web Application Firewall rules blocking unauthenticated requests to wp-admin-ajax.php with the 'save' action parameter; enable and review WordPress admin action logs daily for suspicious account creation or permission escalation; rotate all WordPress administrative credentials immediately; implement file integrity monitoring on WordPress core and plugin directories.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
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