Skip to main content

Relevanssi CVE-2026-116522

| EUVDEUVD-2026-114599 HIGH
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79)
2026-10-31 Wordfence GHSA-cqrq-24rf-5fg8
7.2
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: Wordfence
View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Post comment with script payload (unauthenticated)
  2. Delivery
    Relevanssi indexes comment text
  3. Exploit
    Lure victim to crafted search-result permalink with highlight parameter
  4. Execution
    Unescaped comment rendered and script executes in browser
  5. Impact
    Session theft or actions as the viewing user

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a specific non-default configuration: the site must have BOTH Relevanssi comment indexing AND comment highlighting enabled (the vendor fix in 4.28.6 simply removes comment-text highlighting entirely). An unauthenticated attacker injects the payload by posting a comment, but execution is gated: the payload fires ONLY when a visitor reaches a singular page via a Relevanssi search-result permalink that carries the highlight query parameter. Limiting factors that reduce realistic risk: the dual-option configuration is not enabled by default, and successful triggering depends on getting a victim to follow the crafted highlight permalink rather than firing on any ordinary page view.

Impact

The input provides a vendor CVSS of 7.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N, PR:N = unauthenticated), a Wordfence/vuln.today decision label of 'this_week' (not act_now or emergency), and CWE-79 stored XSS. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV entry, and no working exploit are present in the data, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis - only a Wordfence advisory and source/patch references. The single most important risk-reducing signal is in the description itself: exploitation requires BOTH the comment indexing and comment highlighting options to be enabled (a non-default combination), and the payload only fires when a visitor reaches a singular page through a Relevanssi search-result permalink carrying the highlight query parameter. That means the vendor's UI:N is questionable - luring a victim to a specific crafted permalink is user interaction, so real-world triggering is closer to UI:R than the base vector suggests. Net: this is a genuine but conditional stored XSS, not a high-CVSS-but-trivially-exploitable crisis; the 7.2 is driven partly by S:C (scope change) and PR:N, while the layered configuration and permalink prerequisites make widespread opportunistic exploitation unlikely. The 'this_week' label is consistent with prompt patching rather than emergency response. EPSS and KEV data are simply absent (not an error); their absence should not be read as either elevated or reduced risk.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

On a site that has enabled both Relevanssi comment indexing and comment highlighting, an unauthenticated attacker posts a comment containing a script payload, which Relevanssi indexes. The attacker then lures a victim to click a crafted Relevanssi search-result permalink pointing at the singular page and carrying the highlight query parameter, at which point the unsanitized comment text is reflected into the highlighted output and the script executes in the victim's browser. No public exploit code is identified in the provided data; the only published artifacts are the Wordfence advisory and the vendor patch.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.

Alert me

AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 31, 2026

Stored cross-site scripting in the Relevanssi - A Better Search WordPress plugin, affecting every version up to and including 4.28.5, lets unauthenticated attackers submit a comment whose body is later rendered with Relevanssi's highlight markup and without adequate sanitization or escaping. Execution is tightly gated: the site must have both comment indexing and comment highlighting enabled, and the injected script only fires when a victim follows a crafted search-result permalink containing the highlight query parameter to a singular page - a user-interaction step reflected in the assessed vector (UI:R), which is why our assessment scores it slightly differently from the vendor's 7.2 (UI:N). No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, no KEV listing applies, and the issue is prioritised 'this_week' rather than as an emergency; version 4.28.6 resolves it by removing comment-text highlighting altogether.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade Relevanssi to 4.28.6, which the changelog describes as removing highlighting in comment text to prevent this XSS (see https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=&new=3767703%40relevanssi%2Ftags%2F4.28.6&old=3761637%40relevanssi%2Ftags%2F4.28.5 and the upstream commit https://github.com/msaari/relevanssi/commit/b0324957b27e2dfc2aa116c96dcf578fbec9e0e5). Because the fix is a feature removal, sites that relied on highlighted comments should expect that presentation to disappear after updating - that side effect is intentional and is the complete fix per the vendor. If updating cannot be done immediately, the targeted mitigation is to turn off comment highlighting (and, where practical, comment indexing) in Relevanssi's display settings so the vulnerable highlight-on-comment-text path is never reachable; the trade-off is loss of comment search results and comment highlighting for site search, but it eliminates the gated trigger that requires both options plus a crafted highlight permalink. The upstream commit also disables the relevant highlight options in the settings UI, so administrators upgrading should verify the options are gone and re-check any custom code that relied on the 'comment_text' filter being hooked by Relevanssi. Confirm the exact plugin version in wp-admin or via WP-CLI before and after the update, and consult the Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/442403ae-9011-4373-a363-e98e07ec7e9b?source=cve for the authoritative affected-version statement.

Affected VersionsENISA

Relevanssi – A Better Search 0 ≤4.28.5

Affected Packages

euvd relevanssi_a_better_search no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Relevanssi is a WordPress search-replacement plugin that builds its own index and renders highlighted excerpts of matched content. The vulnerable path is the plugin's comment handling: the code hooked the 'comment_text' filter to relevanssi_highlight_in_docs at priority 11 (lib/init.php line 140) and reused the same excerpt/highlight routines in lib/excerpts-highlights.php (referenced lines 521, 688 and 1698) that expand search terms into markup for matched text. According to Wordfence, the 'comment' parameter - i.e. comment content written to the site, which the plugin indexes when comment indexing is enabled - was not sufficiently sanitized on input nor escaped on output before being decorated with highlight markup, giving a CWE-79 stored cross-site scripting condition. The upstream commit b0324957b27e2dfc2aa116c96dcf578fbec9e0e5 confirms the mechanism from the fix side: it deletes the comment_text filter registration, comments out the relevanssi_hilite_title, relevanssi_highlight_docs and relevanssi_highlight_comments UI options in lib/tabs/display-ui-tab.php with a note that they were 'temporarily disabled ... to block a vulnerability', and the 4.28.6 changelog states 'Highlighting in comment text has been removed to prevent a XSS vulnerability.' Because the vulnerable code sits in the highlight-on-comment-text flow, the flaw is only reachable when the administrator has opted into comment indexing plus comment highlighting and a visitor arrives through a Relevanssi search-result permalink carrying the highlight parameter; ordinary page views of the comment are not described as triggering execution in the available sources.

Know when Wordpress Plugin gets its next vulnerability

  • Watch products and get an email when something new is published
  • Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

No credit card · 7-day full trial

Severity by source

Vendor (Wordfence) PRIMARY 7.2 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.1 MEDIUM

Unauthenticated comment injection keeps PR:N and AV:N; execution needs the victim to follow a crafted highlight permalink, so UI:R (vs vendor UI:N); S:C and C:L/I:L reflect script execution in another user's browser.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).

CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

The Relevanssi - A Better Search plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'comment' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 4.28.5 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. This requires the site to have both the comment indexing and comment highlighting options enabled, and the payload only fires when a visitor reaches a singular page via a Relevanssi search-result permalink carrying the highlight query parameter.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2026-116522 is a high-severity stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the Relevanssi WordPress plugin, affecting all versions up to 4.28.5. It allows unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious scripts via comments, which execute when a victim follows a crafted search-result link. This could lead to session hijacking or data theft, impacting site visitors and potentially compromising the organization's reputation and user trust.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include disabling comment indexing and highlighting in Relevanssi settings, and deploying WAF rules to block malicious payloads.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 84% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular WordPress search plugin, large install base but niche config
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment CIRCL GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.

CVE-2023-6553 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 15

The Backup Migration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 1

CVE-2024-5084 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 23

The Hash Form - Drag & Drop Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing fil

CVE-2024-44000 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 20

Authentication bypass in the LiteSpeed Cache WordPress plugin (versions prior to 6.5.0.1) allows unauthenticated remote

CVE-2020-36847 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jul 12

The Simple File List plugin for WordPress through version 4.2.2 contains an unauthenticated remote code execution vulner

CVE-2025-11749 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Nov 05

The AI Engine WordPress plugin through version 3.1.3 exposes Bearer Token values through the /mcp/v1/ REST API endpoint

CVE-2025-27007 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 01

The SureTriggers WordPress plugin through version 1.0.82 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows unaut

CVE-2016-1209 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 14

The Ninja Forms plugin before 2.9.42.1 for WordPress allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks via

CVE-2024-4443 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 22

The Business Directory Plugin - Easy Listing Directories for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to time-based

CVE-2024-1698 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 27

SQL injection in the NotificationX WordPress plugin (versions up to and including 2.8.2) allows unauthenticated remote a

CVE-2023-6875 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jan 11

The POST SMTP Mailer - Email log, Delivery Failure Notifications and Best Mail SMTP for WordPress plugin for WordPress i

CVE-2024-1512 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 17

The MasterStudy LMS WordPress Plugin - for Online Courses and Education plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to union base

CVE-2024-4295 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jun 05

The Email Subscribers by Icegram Express plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the ‘hash’ parameter in

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy