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Incus CVE-2026-115372

| EUVDEUVD-2026-108295 CRITICAL
Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') (CWE-88)
2026-10-22 disclosure@vulncheck.com GHSA-9cgf-rjhv-pjh5
9.0
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vulncheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as restricted-project user
  2. Delivery
    Set block.create_options on custom volume
  3. Exploit
    Copy/move volume onto formatting (non-thin LVM) pool
  4. Execution
    Inject arguments into root-run mkfs
  5. Impact
    Execute code as root on host

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Argument sanitization
Exploitation Conditions

The attacker must be an authenticated user confined to a restricted Incus project who holds permission to create or edit custom volumes (CVSS PR:L). Exploitation to root requires targeting a storage pool that formats on copy - the advisory names non-thin LVM - because only those pools reach the root-executed mkfs call where the injected block.create_options arguments take effect (this is the AT:P attack requirement). On drivers that do not format on copy, the forbidden option still lands on the volume config but does not reach mkfs, so code execution does not occur. Mitigations per the advisory: do not grant custom-volume creation to restricted projects on pools that format on copy, or set volume.block.create_options on the pool so the pool default applies; the complete fix is upgrading to Incus 7.5.0.

Impact

This is a genuine high-priority issue for the environments that run it, though the signals are mixed on breadth versus depth. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L) describes a network-reachable flaw requiring only low privileges - a user already confined to a restricted Incus project - with an attack requirement (AT:P) that reflects the real constraint that only pools formatting on copy reach the vulnerable mkfs call. Impact is maximal and confirmed by the vector: VC:H/VI:H/VA:H plus subsequent-system impact SC:H/SI:H/SA:H, consistent with argument injection into a command run as root, which breaks out of the project sandbox to host-level compromise. The vuln.today decision label is act_now, aligning with the severe technical impact and the authorization-bypass nature. Countervailing signals: there is NO CISA KEV listing, NO EPSS score provided, and NO verified public exploit code - only vendor/coordinator advisories (GHSA and VulnCheck). So severity is high but evidence of active or widespread exploitation is absent; treat this as a 'patch promptly because impact is root-level sandbox escape' case rather than a 'mass-exploited in the wild' case. Note also the input tag 'Authentication Bypass' is inaccurate - this is an authorization/project-restriction bypass (the user is already authenticated), which does not change severity but should be corrected to avoid mischaracterizing the flaw.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A user limited to a restricted Incus project who has permission to create or edit custom volumes sets block.create_options on a volume, then issues a copy or move of that volume onto a pool that formats on copy (for example non-thin LVM). The inherited option is appended to the mkfs command line that Incus runs as root, injecting attacker-controlled arguments and yielding host-level compromise. No verified working public exploit code has been identified; only coordinated vendor advisories (GHSA-4cph-ccqv-hm3c and VulnCheck) are available.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 22, 2026

Argument injection in Incus 7.3.0 through 7.4.x lets a user confined to a restricted project smuggle the forbidden block.create_options setting onto a custom volume, then trigger a copy or move onto a storage pool that formats new volumes, so the injected value is appended to the mkfs command line executed as root. The flaw is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-62867, which only rejected the option on the direct custom-volume creation path while leaving update, copy and move operations unchecked; the package range is go/github.com/lxc/incus/v7/cmd/incusd >= v7.3.0, < v7.5.0. Exploitation requires an authenticated restricted-project user with permission to create or edit custom volumes, and root-level code execution only materialises on pools that format on copy such as non-thin LVM - on other drivers the forbidden option lands on the volume config without reaching mkfs. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, but the weakness class is straightforward and the priority signal is act_now given the root-level outcome on affected storage backends.

RemediationAI

The complete fix is upgrading to Incus 7.5.0, which enforces the block.create_options restriction on volume update regardless of project limits and re-checks the effective config inside the copy and refresh backends so cross-project copies, config-omitting copies and moves are covered (vendor advisory: https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/GHSA-4cph-ccqv-hm3c). If upgrading cannot be done immediately, the advisory's workarounds are to stop granting custom volume creation to restricted projects on pools that format on copy - accepting the loss of self-service volume provisioning for those projects - or to set volume.block.create_options on the pool so the pool default applies instead of a user-supplied value, which constrains volume formatting options to the pool-wide setting and prevents per-volume overrides. Because exploitation yields root-level command execution only on formatting pools such as non-thin LVM, prioritise the upgrade on deployments where restricted projects can reach those drivers; the vendor indicates upgrading as the only complete resolution, with the workarounds reducing but not removing the exposure.

Affected VersionsENISA

incus 7.3.0 <7.5.0

Affected Packages

euvd incus fix: 7.5.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause class is CWE-88, argument injection: Incus stores per-volume storage options in the volume config, and block.create_options is a string that is passed through to the mkfs invocation used when a storage pool creates a fresh filesystem for a volume. Restricted projects are supposed to have this key blocked, but the original remediation for CVE-2026-62867 only enforced that restriction on the direct custom volume creation path. Because volume update, copy, refresh and move paths inherit the source volume's configuration and historically did not re-check the destination project's restrictions, a restricted user could set the key on an existing volume and then copy or move it - including across projects, and including copies that omit the config field - onto a pool that formats on copy. Only those formatting pools, the advisory names non-thin LVM, ever reach the root-executed mkfs call where the crafted arguments become effective; on other drivers the option persists in config but does not result in command execution. The upstream fix enforces the restriction on volume update regardless of project limits and adds checks inside the copy and refresh backends against the effective config after falling back to the source volume's config, covering cross-project copies, config-omitting copies and moves. The affected Go package is go/github.com/lxc/incus/v7/cmd/incusd.

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Severity by source

Vendor (vulncheck) PRIMARY 9.0 CRITICAL
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
vuln.today AI 8.5 HIGH

Network API access with low-privilege restricted-project user (PR:L); AC:H reflects the required format-on-copy pool condition; scope change S:C and C/I/A:H for argument injection into root mkfs escaping the project sandbox.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
Red Hat 8.5 HIGH

Primary rating from Vendor (vulncheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: vulncheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
High
Subsequent system: Integrity
High
Subsequent system: Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 22, 2026 - 20:18 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 22, 2026 - 19:17 cve.org
CRITICAL 9.0

DescriptionCVE.org

Incus from 7.3.0 before 7.5.0 contains a project restriction bypass that allows restricted project users to set block.create_options through volume update, copy, and move operations. Attackers can set the option on a custom volume and trigger a copy or move onto a formatting pool to inject arguments into mkfs executed as root.

Technical POC Analysis

The bug is CWE-88, Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command.

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2026-115372 is a critical argument injection vulnerability in Incus 7.3.0 through 7.4.x that allows a restricted-project user to execute arbitrary commands as root on the host. This impacts the security and integrity of virtualized and containerized environments, potentially leading to full system compromise, data breaches, and service disruption. Leadership should prioritize remediation due to the high privilege escalation risk and the absence of a vendor patch.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include: restrict custom volume creation/update to trusted users only; avoid using storage pools that format new volumes on copy (e.g., non-thin LVM); monitor and audit volume configurations for unauthorized create_options settings; and consider network segmentation to limit access to Incus management interfaces.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 71% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche Linux container/VM manager (LXD fork), limited enterprise footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

45
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +45
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Vendor StatusVendor

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