Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessConnect to shared Traefik keep-alive endpoint
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DeliveryTrigger NTLM/Negotiate backend challenge
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ExploitArm mis-keyed client-transport slot
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ExecutionReuse connection for second service
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PersistBypass root CA and cert verification
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ImpactMITM/impersonate backend TLS
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V12 - Secure Communication Certificate validation
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| Exploitation Conditions | Requires a Traefik deployment (2.11.0 before 2.11.58, or 3.0.0 before 3.7.14) that fronts multiple services where at least one backend performs NTLM or Kerberos/Negotiate authentication, and where per-service ServersTransport configurations differ in their root CAs, server name, or certificate verification. The attacker must induce that backend to emit an NTLM/Negotiate challenge to 'arm' the mis-keyed client-connection slot, then reach a different service over the same HTTP keep-alive connection to inherit the wrong TLS client configuration. Limiting factors: exploitation depends on connection-reuse timing (reflected as AT:P), on the presence of an NTLM/Kerberos backend, and on multiple services with divergent ServersTransport TLS settings sharing the proxy - single-service or uniform-TLS deployments are not meaningfully exposed, and the flaw compromises downstream backend trust rather than Traefik itself. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but conditional priority rather than a drop-everything emergency. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N) confirms a network-reachable, unauthenticated issue, but the AT:P flag (attack requirements present) is the critical caveat: exploitation is not fire-and-forget - the attacker must first 'arm' a shared connection slot by inducing a backend to emit an NTLM/Negotiate challenge, then race to reuse that keep-alive connection for a different service. Impact is scoped entirely to subsequent systems (VC:N/VI:N/VA:N but SC:H/SI:H), meaning Traefik itself is not directly compromised; instead the TLS trust model for a *different* backend is subverted, enabling MITM against that backend's traffic. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC is present in the supplied data, so there is no evidence of active exploitation - treat the 7.0 HIGH as a theoretical-but-real trust-boundary flaw. The signals are internally consistent: a high-severity integrity/confidentiality impact on downstream services, gated by non-trivial preconditions, which argues for prompt patching in multi-tenant/multi-service Traefik deployments but not panic. Note the vulnerable-system impacts are all N while subsequent-system impacts are H - verify this scope interpretation against the vendor advisory (GHSA-cw35-4q88-3rmp) before deprioritizing based on the 'N' vulnerable-system metrics. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | In an environment where one Traefik instance fronts multiple services - at least one using an NTLM/Kerberos backend with its own ServersTransport TLS settings - an unauthenticated attacker sends a request that causes that backend to issue an NTLM or Negotiate challenge, arming the shared round-tripper slot. The attacker then issues a follow-up request for a different service over the same keep-alive connection, which now reuses the first service's TLS client configuration and skips root-CA, server-name, and certificate verification for the second backend, enabling man-in-the-middle interception or impersonation of that backend. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the attack requires winning the connection-reuse timing (AT:P). |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 22, 2026
TLS client-configuration reuse in Traefik Proxy 2.11.0 through 2.11.57 and 3.0.0 through 3.7.13 allows an unauthenticated client to bypass a backend service's configured root CAs, SNI/server name, and certificate verification. When one backend issues an NTLM or Negotiate (Kerberos) challenge, Traefik stores the resulting round tripper in a client-connection slot that is not keyed by ServersTransport; an attacker who arms that slot can then reach a different service over the same keep-alive connection and inherit the wrong TLS client settings, undermining trust in the downstream backend rather than in Traefik itself. Exploitation is conditional - it requires connection-reuse timing, an NTLM/Kerberos-authenticating backend, and multiple services with divergent ServersTransport TLS settings behind the same proxy - and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; vendor fixes are available in 2.11.58 and 3.7.14.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Traefik Proxy 2.11.58 (2.11.x branch) or 3.7.14 (3.x branch), which key the NTLM/Negotiate round tripper by ServersTransport so TLS client settings no longer leak across services; apply per the advisory at https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-cw35-4q88-3rmp. If immediate upgrade is not possible, reduce exposure by eliminating the precondition rather than relying on defense in depth: standardize all routers behind a shared backend pool on a single ServersTransport (identical root CAs, server name, and verification settings) so a leaked slot carries no weaker policy - the trade-off is loss of per-service TLS pinning granularity; or isolate NTLM/Negotiate-authenticating backends onto a separate Traefik instance or dedicated entryPoint/router set that fronts no other services, trading extra infrastructure for containment; or move NTLM/Kerberos authentication in front of Traefik (forward-auth, an upstream gateway, or Kerberos at the edge) so no backend challenges pass through the proxy, at the cost of architectural change and re-validating the auth flow. Disabling HTTP keep-alive to backends is not a reliable mitigation because the slot misuse is tied to connection reuse semantics and forcing new connections per request will sharply degrade throughput; if attempted, verify empirically that challenges no longer cross services. Restrict reachability of the proxy from untrusted networks while patching is pending, and review access logs for cross-service request patterns on reused connections.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Traefik's HTTP reverse proxy uses Go net/http transport machinery, and backend TLS behavior (root CAs, server name, InsecureSkipVerify, client certificates) is expressed per-service through the ServersTransport dynamic configuration object. NTLM and Negotiate/Kerberos are connection-oriented authentication schemes: the client library must persist handshake state and replay it across requests on the same TCP/HTTP connection, which Traefik implements with a dedicated round tripper. In the affected versions that round tripper is cached in a client-connection slot that is not part of the ServersTransport cache key, so the TLS configuration bound to one service leaks to another service when an HTTP keep-alive connection is reused. The root cause class is CWE-295, Improper Certificate Validation: the second service's requests are dispatched without applying its own root CA bundle, expected server name, or certificate verification policy, effectively downgrading the guarantee that Traefik is talking to the intended, properly validated backend. This is a scope-changing flaw (S:C in both the CNA CVSS 4.0 vector and the independent CVSS 3.1 assessment) because the compromised asset is the trust relationship to a downstream service, not the Traefik process; availability is unaffected, while confidentiality and integrity of the misrouted backend traffic are rated high.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N
Network-reachable and unauthenticated (AV:N/PR:N) but AC:H reflects the required challenge-arming and connection-reuse timing; S:C because Traefik's flaw subverts TLS trust of a separate backend, enabling MITM (C:H/I:H), with no availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Traefik 2.11.0 before 2.11.58 and 3.0.0 before 3.7.14 stores its NTLM/Kerberos backend round tripper in a client-connection slot not keyed by ServersTransport, so one service's TLS client configuration is reused for another service's backend. An unauthenticated client can arm the slot via a backend issuing an NTLM or Negotiate challenge, then reach another service on the same keep-alive connection, bypassing its root CAs, server name, and certificate verification.
Technical POC Analysis
CWE-295, improper certificate validation, manifesting as a cross-tenant state-confusion bug in Traefik Proxy's NTLM/Negotiate (Kerberos) backend authentication support.
Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.
Executive ViewAI
Traefik Proxy versions 2.11.0-2.11.57 and 3.0.0-3.7.13 contain a TLS client-configuration reuse flaw that can let a client bypass a backend service's configured root CAs, server name, and certificate verification under specific conditions. Organizations running Traefik as a reverse proxy across multiple backends with differing TLS settings and NTLM/Kerberos authentication are most exposed, because a successful bypass undermines trust in downstream services rather than in Traefik itself; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Leadership should prioritize upgrading to 2.11.58 or 3.7.14 to preserve backend certificate trust assurances and reduce the risk of unauthorized access to less-protected services.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Denial of service against HTTP/2 server implementations allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust server resour
Backend connection hijacking in Traefik reverse proxy (2.11.0 through 2.11.56 and 3.0.0 through 3.7.12) lets an unauthen
HTTP/1 request-target parsing in Traefik prior to 2.11.57 and 3.7.13 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to send a r
Authentication bypass in the Traefik reverse proxy (v2.11.51 and earlier, v3.6.0-v3.6.22, and v3.7.0-v3.7.6) allows unau
Route-level authentication bypass in Traefik v3.7.0-v3.7.7 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to reach backend endp
Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is re
types/types.go in Containous Traefik 1.7.x through 1.7.11, when the --api flag is used and the API is publicly reachable
Security middleware bypass in Traefik reverse proxy versions 2.11.26-2.11.56 and 3.4.2-3.7.12 allows unauthenticated net
Traefik's header-security defenses (aliasHeadersStrategy, underscoreHeadersStrategy, forwardedHeaders) inspect req.Heade
Path normalization bypass in Traefik allows unauthenticated remote attackers to circumvent the middleware chain on path-
Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is
Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is
EUVD-2026-107897
GHSA-x4hj-7xc2-whmq
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB