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IoTSharp CVE-2026-111629

| EUVDEUVD-2026-103051 MEDIUM
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-10-16 VulnCheck GHSA-42g8-wcwc-865r
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Self-register via anonymous AccountController.Create
  2. Delivery
    Obtain authenticated session token
  3. Exploit
    Supply other tenant's GUID to Customers/Devices API
  4. Execution
    Retrieve unscoped cross-tenant records
  5. Impact
    Exfiltrate customer PII and device telemetry

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated low-privilege account, which is trivially obtainable because the AccountController.Create endpoint permits anonymous self-registration. Beyond that, the attacker must know or obtain valid GUIDs belonging to other tenants to pass to the Customers and Devices API handlers, since the handlers fail to scope queries to the caller's tenant. Limiting factors: GUIDs are not sequentially enumerable (random 128-bit identifiers), so blind mass enumeration is impractical and exploitation is realistically targeted; the deployment must be genuinely multi-tenant with other tenants' customer/device data present for there to be anything to steal. Exploitation is read-only with no integrity or availability impact.

Impact

This is a medium-severity cross-tenant IDOR (CWE-639) with genuinely mixed signals that place it well below drop-everything priority. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) confirms network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation, but PR:L means a valid account is required - and the practical barrier is low because the AccountController.Create endpoint permits anonymous self-registration, effectively turning PR:L into 'anyone who can reach the app.' Impact is bounded: VC:L/VI:N/VA:N reflects read-only exposure with no integrity or availability effect, and the realistic confidentiality impact is further constrained because an attacker must supply valid other-tenant GUIDs, which are not sequentially enumerable, limiting bulk harvesting to targeted abuse rather than automated mass exfiltration. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified; the vulnerability is NOT listed in CISA KEV, and no exploit-code flag was supplied, so this is no public exploit identified at time of analysis - though a detailed third-party technical writeup (hackmd) and exact vulnerable source lines (CustomersController.cs:164-177, DevicesController.cs:490-507) are publicly referenced, meaning rediscovery/weaponization is trivial for a motivated actor. No SSVC decision data was provided. Net: a real but contained authorization flaw - prioritize patching in multi-tenant IoTSharp deployments holding sensitive customer/device data, but it does not represent RCE-class or mass-exploitation urgency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker self-registers a low-privilege account via the anonymous AccountController.Create endpoint, then calls the Customers and Devices API handlers while supplying a GUID belonging to a different tenant. Because the handlers never scope queries to the caller's tenant, the attacker receives that tenant's customer contact details, device inventory, and device attribute telemetry. A public technical writeup documents the exact exploitation path, lowering the barrier despite no formal exploit-code flag.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 16, 2026

Cross-tenant data exposure in IoTSharp through 3.6.1 lets any authenticated user read other tenants' customer contact details, device inventories, and device attribute telemetry because the Customers and Devices API handlers fail to scope queries to the caller's tenant (CWE-639, CVSS 5.3). Authentication is trivial to obtain: the anonymous AccountController.Create endpoint allows self-registration, so an attacker only needs a valid GUID belonging to another tenant, and although those GUIDs are random 128-bit values that are not sequentially enumerable, exploitation is realistically targeted rather than mass-enumerable. Impact is read-only and limited to confidentiality - no integrity or availability effect - and the deployment must be genuinely multi-tenant to be exploitable; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and there is no CISA KEV confirmation of active exploitation.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis, so remediation must begin with compensating controls. First, remove or lock down the anonymous self-registration endpoint (AccountController.Create) - requiring an invitation, admin approval, or external identity provider for account creation eliminates the low-friction path to an authenticated session, at the cost of changing legitimate onboarding flows. Second, correct the root cause in code by adding an explicit tenant predicate to the Customers and Devices query handlers in CustomersController.cs (around lines 164-177) and DevicesController.cs (around lines 490-507) in v3.6.1, validating that each requested customer or device GUID resolves to the caller's tenant and returning 404/403 otherwise; this requires recompilation and redeployment, and any unfiltered query paths elsewhere in the API should be audited at the same time, since the same pattern may recur. Third, if IoTSharp cannot be patched or redeployed promptly, restrict network exposure of the management/API surface to trusted networks or a reverse proxy performing additional authorization, understanding that this reduces but does not fix the tenant-isolation defect for authenticated users who retain access. Finally, monitor and log cross-tenant identifier access attempts so misuse is detectable, and track the vendor repository and the VulnCheck advisory for a fixed release before removing these temporary controls.

Affected VersionsENISA

IoTSharp 0 ≤3.6.1

Affected Packages

euvd iotsharp no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is an Insecure Direct Object Reference / authorization bypass through a user-controlled key (CWE-639) in the ASP.NET Core MVC controllers of IoTSharp, an open-source .NET IoT platform. The Customers and Devices API handlers accept a customer or device identifier supplied by the caller and resolve it directly against the data store without adding a tenant-scoping predicate (for example, a TenantId == currentUser.TenantId filter) to the query, so any authenticated principal can retrieve records belonging to an arbitrary tenant. The two identified entry points are CustomersController.cs (lines 164-177) and DevicesController.cs (lines 490-507) in the v3.6.1 source tree. The provided CVSS:4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) confirms a network-reachable, low-privilege, unauthenticated-interaction issue whose only assessed impact is limited confidentiality loss at the vulnerable system, with no subsequent-system impact; the independent assessment maps to CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:iotsharp:iotsharp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* is a fully wildcarded version range, matching the advisory statement that all releases through 3.6.1 are affected and that no fixed release is identified in the available data.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Network-reachable API, low complexity, PR:L for the required (self-registrable) account; C:L because read-only exposure is bounded by needing valid non-enumerable tenant GUIDs; no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

IoTSharp through 3.6.1 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows any authenticated user to read other tenants' data because Customers and Devices API handlers do not scope queries to the caller's tenant. Attackers can self-register through the anonymous AccountController.Create endpoint and supply other tenants' GUIDs to read customer contact details, device inventories and device attribute telemetry.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 85% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source IoT platform, limited enterprise production footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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