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NLnet Labs Krill CVE-2026-109142

| EUVDEUVD-2026-115257 HIGH
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-11-02 NLnet Labs GHSA-p4hg-66rh-w2c8
8.4
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: NLnet Labs
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as a CA operator on shared Krill server
  2. Exploit
    Set parent contact with victim's child_handle
  3. Execution
    In-process RFC 6492 exchange trusts spoofed identity
  4. Impact
    Perform provisioning actions as another CA

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a multi-tenant/shared Krill deployment where the target CA's parent CA is hosted on the same Krill server as the attacker's CA - the in-process shortcut that skips signed-CMS verification only triggers when parent and child are co-located. The attacker must be an authenticated Krill operator (PR:L) able to configure a CA's parent contact and supply an arbitrary child_handle. Limiting factors: single-server/single-tenant deployments where parents are not co-located are not reachable by this path; the attacker needs valid authenticated access to the Krill instance; and the supplied vector rates attack complexity as high, though the sources do not describe what makes the trigger difficult.

Impact

The input signals point to a credible but conditional authorization-bypass issue (CWE-639) rather than a mass-exploitation emergency. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L, base 8.4) describes a network-reachable flaw requiring low privileges (PR:L = an authenticated Krill user/CA operator), no user interaction, raised attack complexity, and a scope change - consistent with one authenticated tenant crossing into another tenant's authorization domain. The vuln.today Decision label is 'this_week' (not act_now/emergency), which fits the picture of a serious multi-tenant trust flaw that is not yet known to be weaponized. There is no KEV listing and no EPSS score in the input, so widespread or automated exploitation is not evidenced; this is best read as a latent privilege/authorization defect requiring specific conditions, not a widely-fired exploit. No public exploit was identified - the single reference is a vendor advisory, not PoC code. Key missing data: the input provides no EPSS probability, no KEV status, and no fixed-version information, so remediation timing cannot be stated from this data. Note also that AC:H is asserted in the supplied vector but the available sources do not describe the trigger mechanism beyond the co-located-parent condition, so the complexity rating cannot be independently explained from evidence.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

On a Krill server hosting multiple certificate authorities where a target CA's parent lives on the same server, an authenticated operator configures their own CA's parent contact and sets the child_handle to another CA's identity. Because the in-process RFC 6492 provisioning exchange trusts the caller-supplied child_handle without verifying it belongs to the requesting CA, the attacker can act as that other child and manipulate its provisioning. No public exploit code was identified; exploitation requires authenticated access to the shared Krill instance.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Nov 02, 2026

Authorization bypass in NLnet Labs Krill lets an authenticated Krill operator assert an arbitrary child identity during parent-child provisioning when the target CA's parent CA is hosted on the same Krill server, bypassing the signed CMS verification normally used in the RFC 6492 exchange. The issue is conditional on a shared or multi-tenant deployment with co-located parent and child CAs; single-tenant setups with remote parents are not reachable through this path. CVSS 3.1 rates it 8.4 with high confidentiality and integrity impact, and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the Krill update referenced in the vendor advisory at https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/krill/CVE-2026-109142.txt; the provided data does not list an exact fixed version. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, avoid hosting a child CA's parent on the same Krill server as untrusted or less-trusted operator-controlled CAs by separating parent and child CAs onto distinct Krill instances or trust domains, which removes the co-location condition that triggers the in-process shortcut at the cost of additional operational complexity and cross-server provisioning. Restrict Krill operator accounts to trusted administrators and review existing parent-contact configuration and child_handle values for unauthorized entries; this reduces the authenticated attack surface but does not fix the underlying missing authorization binding. These are compensating measures, and the vendor fix remains the complete remediation for the missing check between child_handle and the requesting CA.

Affected VersionsENISA

Krill patch: 0.16.1

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Krill is RPKI certificate authority software that implements RFC 6492 provisioning between parent and child CAs, normally using signed CMS messages exchanged over the network. When a CA's parent is hosted on the same Krill server, the implementation takes an in-process shortcut: it runs the RFC 6492 provisioning exchange locally, skips building and verifying a signed CMS message, and trusts the child_handle supplied by the caller in the parent contact. The root cause is an authorization binding failure (CWE-639): nothing verifies that the asserted child identity actually belongs to the CA making the request. The supplied CPE cpe:2.3:a:nlnet_labs:krill:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* identifies Krill, but no narrower version range is provided. The CVSS vector is CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L; the sources record high attack complexity but do not describe what makes the trigger difficult.

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Severity by source

Vendor (NLnet Labs) PRIMARY 8.4 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
vuln.today AI 8.4 HIGH

Authenticated operator (PR:L) over the network abuses a co-located-parent shortcut (AC:H) to act as another CA, crossing authorization domains (S:C) with high confidentiality/integrity impact on the victim CA.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (NLnet Labs).

CVSS VectorVendor: NLnet Labs

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

When a CA's parent lives on the same Krill server: instead of building and verifying a signed CMS message, it runs the RFC 6492 provisioning exchange in-process and trusts the child identity (child_handle) that the caller put in the parent contact. Nothing checks that this child identity actually belongs to the CA making the request.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity authorization bypass in NLnet Labs Krill, a core component of RPKI infrastructure, affects multi-tenant deployments where parent and child CAs are co-located on the same server. An authenticated Krill operator can impersonate any child CA, potentially issuing fraudulent RPKI certificates that could disrupt routing security for downstream networks. Leadership should prioritize this due to the critical role Krill plays in internet routing integrity and the potential for significant operational and reputational damage.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include segregating parent and child CAs onto separate Krill instances, enforcing strict access controls for Krill operators, and monitoring for unauthorized child identity assertions.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 80% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche RPKI certificate-authority software for RIRs/network operators
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

42
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +42
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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