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ZKTeco BioTime CVE-2026-108796

| EUVDEUVD-2026-97167 MEDIUM
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-10-12 VulDB GHSA-p9r4-cx92-c3hf
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulDB
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain low-privilege BioTime account
  2. Delivery
    Reach /iclock/finger_data/ endpoint remotely
  3. Exploit
    Manipulate emp_code parameter to another employee
  4. Execution
    Bypass authorization (CWE-639 IDOR)
  5. Impact
    Read other employees' biometric data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated low-privilege session on ZKTeco BioTime (CVSS PR:L), after which the attacker directly manipulates the emp_code argument on the /iclock/finger_data/ Biometric Data Endpoint to reference other employees' records. The limiting factors are: a valid account is mandatory (not unauthenticated), impact is confined to read access of biometric data (VC:L, no integrity or availability effect), and exposure depends on the BioTime web interface being network-reachable to the attacker. The specific affected build is 9.5.6 Build 20260130.3206.

Impact

This is a genuine but moderate-severity issue rather than an urgent priority. The sole input CVSS is a 4.0 vector (base 5.3) with AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L and no integrity or availability impact, indicating a network-reachable but authenticated (PR:L) read-only authorization bypass - an insecure direct object reference consistent with CWE-639. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public POC was provided, so exploitation probability signals are entirely absent; per the precision rules this means no public exploit is identified at time of analysis. The only signal in favor of attention is that the flaw is network-exploitable with low complexity and only requires a low-privilege account. Signals conflict mildly in interpretation: VC:L caps real-world confidentiality harm as limited per-request, yet the impacted data is employee biometric/fingerprint records, which raises privacy stakes beyond what a 'Low' confidentiality rating suggests. The vendor was contacted and did not respond, so no patch is confirmed, which modestly increases exposure window. Overall: a real, low-complexity authenticated IDOR worth remediating, but not a drop-everything priority absent any exploitation evidence.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker holding any valid low-privilege BioTime account (PR:L) sends requests to /iclock/finger_data/ while tampering with the emp_code parameter to reference other employees' identifiers, retrieving biometric/fingerprint data belonging to accounts they should not access. No public exploit code was identified, and the attack is remote and low-complexity but requires prior authentication.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 12, 2026

Authorization bypass in ZKTeco BioTime 9.5.6 Build 20260130.3206 lets an authenticated low-privilege user read biometric records belonging to other employees by manipulating the emp_code argument on the /iclock/finger_data/ Biometric Data Endpoint. Impact is confined to confidentiality of biometric data (assessed CVSS 3.1 5.3, PR:L, C:L, no integrity or availability effect) and requires the BioTime web interface to be network-reachable; no public exploit code identified at time of analysis, the issue is not confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV), and the risk is assessed as genuine but moderate rather than an urgent priority. The vendor was contacted early about the disclosure and did not respond, so no fixed build is known.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis: ZKTeco was contacted about the flaw and did not respond, no fixed build or version is published, and no upstream PR or commit is referenced, so there is no version number to upgrade to. Compensating controls should therefore be applied in layers. First, restrict network reachability of the BioTime web interface and the /iclock/ path to trusted management networks or a VPN; the trade-off is that time-and-attendance terminals that push to /iclock endpoints must remain explicitly allow-listed, so apply the restriction at the perimeter rather than blocking the endpoint wholesale, which would break device synchronisation. Second, reduce the population that can exploit PR:L by disabling or deleting unused, shared and stale BioTime accounts, particularly any low-privilege accounts that do not need biometric-record access, and by reviewing role assignments; this shrinks the attack surface without functional loss for genuine operators. Third, enable and centralise logging for /iclock/finger_data/ requests and alert on a single account enumerating many emp_code values or requesting records outside its own employee scope, since the bypass is visible as anomalous read patterns; also consider a reverse-proxy or WAF rule that enforces emp_code consistency with the authenticated session, with the trade-off that legitimate bulk synchronisation jobs may raise false positives and require tuning. Monitor the VulDB entries cited above for a vendor fix, and if a patched BioTime release is later published, plan a prompt upgrade.

Affected VersionsENISA

BioTime 9.5.6 Build 20260130.3206

Affected Packages

euvd biotime_9_5_6_build no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is an instance of CWE-639, Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key - commonly called an IDOR - in the ZKTeco Biometric Data Endpoint at /iclock/finger_data/. The /iclock/ path is ZKTeco's device communication surface: time-and-attendance terminals use the iClock push protocol to transmit attendance events and fingerprint template data to the BioTime server, and finger_data serves that biometric payload keyed by an employee identifier supplied as the emp_code parameter. Because the server trusts the caller-supplied emp_code without verifying that the requesting session is entitled to that employee's record, any holder of a valid low-privilege BioTime account can enumerate or substitute emp_code values and retrieve other employees' biometric data. The CVSS 4.0 vector records PR:L (privileges required) and VC:L (low confidentiality impact only), with no scope change and no integrity or availability impact, and the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) is consistent with that read-only, authenticated, remote exposure. The CVSS 4.0 exploit-maturity value is E:X (not defined), which is not evidence of a working exploit, and no POC or exploitation telemetry was supplied by any source.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulDB) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Network-reachable IDOR requiring a low-privilege account (PR:L), low complexity, no user interaction; only limited read access to biometric data so C:L and I/A:N.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw has been found in ZKTeco BioTime 9.5.6 Build 20260130.3206. This affects an unknown part of the file /iclock/finger_data/ of the component Biometric Data Endpoint. Executing a manipulation of the argument emp_code can lead to authorization bypass. The attack can be launched remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 89% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche industry-specific biometric time-and-attendance management software
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

CVE-2023-38950 HIGH POC
7.5 Aug 03

A path traversal vulnerability in the iclock API of ZKTeco BioTime v8.5.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbit

CVE-2023-38952 HIGH POC
7.5 Aug 03

Insecure access control in ZKTeco BioTime through 9.0.1 allows authenticated attackers to escalate their privileges due

CVE-2023-51142 HIGH POC
7.5 Apr 11

An issue in ZKTeco BioTime v.8.5.4 and before allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information. Rated high sever

CVE-2022-38803 MEDIUM POC
6.8 Nov 30

Zkteco BioTime < 8.5.3 Build:20200816.447 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control via Leave, overtime, Manual log. Rat

CVE-2023-51141 MEDIUM POC
6.5 Apr 11

An issue in ZKTeko BioTime v.8.5.4 and before allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the Authentic

CVE-2023-38951 CRITICAL
9.8 Aug 03

ZKTeco BioTime 8.5.5 through 9.x before 9.0.1 (20240617.19506) allows authenticated attackers to create or overwrite arb

CVE-2022-38802 MEDIUM POC
6.2 Nov 30

Zkteco BioTime < 8.5.3 Build:20200816.447 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control via resign, private message, manual

CVE-2024-6523 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Jul 05

A vulnerability was found in ZKTeco BioTime up to 9.5.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotel

CVE-2022-30515 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Nov 08

ZKTeco BioTime 8.5.4 is missing authentication on folders containing employee photos, allowing an attacker to view them

CVE-2023-38949 HIGH
7.5 Aug 03

An issue in a hidden API in ZKTeco BioTime v8.5.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to arbitrarily reset the Administrato

CVE-2026-108798 MEDIUM
6.9 Oct 12

Hard-coded cryptographic keys shipped inside ZKTeco BioTime 9.5.6 Build 20260130.3206 can be recovered by anyone with ac

CVE-2022-38801 MEDIUM
5.4 Nov 30

In Zkteco BioTime < 8.5.3 Build:20200816.447, an employee can hijack an administrator session and cookies using blind cr

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