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openSIS-Classic CVE-2026-103114

| EUVDEUVD-2026-89777 LOW
SQL Injection (CWE-89)
2026-09-30 VulDB GHSA-3697-v58m-hrx3
2.1
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulDB
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged user
  2. Delivery
    Send crafted request to Assignments.php
  3. Exploit
    Inject SQL via Tables parameter
  4. Execution
    DBQuery_assignment executes tainted query
  5. Impact
    Extract or alter database records

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires a valid low-privileged authenticated session in openSIS-Classic (PR:L) and network reachability to the application; the attacker sends a request to the Assignment Management endpoint (modules/grades/Assignments.php) and manipulates the Tables argument passed to DBQuery_assignment. No user interaction and no special non-default configuration are needed beyond having an account. The primary limiting factor is the authentication requirement - anonymous internet-wide exploitation is not possible - plus the product's small deployment footprint.

Impact

Signals are mixed and point to a low-to-moderate real-world priority. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) confirms remote exploitation with low attack complexity and no user interaction, but requires low-level authentication (PR:L) - i.e., a valid, if unprivileged, application account. The vendor-supplied 4.0 base score of 5.3 rests on conservative VC:L/VI:L/VA:L impact ratings, which likely understate a classic SQL injection: injection into the query's Tables argument typically permits broad database read (and often modification), so confidentiality impact is plausibly higher than the 'Low' assigned. The vector carries E:P (Proof-of-Concept), consistent with the confirmed public exploit at the GitHub issue. There is no EPSS score and no CISA KEV listing in the provided data, so there is no evidence of active exploitation - the exploit code exists but exploitation status remains 'publicly available exploit code exists,' not confirmed in-the-wild use. Net: a genuine, easily reproduced SQLi with a public PoC, but gated behind authentication and affecting a niche product, which caps its urgency below internet-scale unauthenticated flaws. The vendor has been notified but has not responded, so no patch is confirmed available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with any low-privileged openSIS-Classic account (e.g., a student or staff login) sends a crafted request to the Assignment Management endpoint (modules/grades/Assignments.php), injecting SQL through the Tables parameter consumed by DBQuery_assignment. Because a public exploit is available via the OS4ED GitHub issue tracker, an attacker can reproduce the injection with minimal effort to read or manipulate arbitrary database records such as student records, grades, and credentials.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 30, 2026

SQL injection in OS4ED openSIS-Classic up to and including version 9.3 lets an authenticated attacker with any valid low-privileged account run arbitrary SQL against the backend database by manipulating the Tables argument passed to DBQuery_assignment in modules/grades/Assignments.php. The endpoint is reachable over the network with no user interaction and no special configuration, and publicly available exploit code exists; however, exploitation requires a valid session (CVSS vector PR:L, and the assessed vector confirms PR:L), so anonymous internet-wide attacks are not possible, and no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been reported. Real-world priority is therefore low-to-moderate, driven mainly by the authentication prerequisite and openSIS-Classic's limited deployment footprint.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis: the maintainers were notified via the public issue at https://github.com/OS4ED/openSIS-Classic/issues/474 and have not responded, so the only immediate option is compensating controls. Restrict network access to the openSIS-Classic instance to trusted networks or require VPN, which removes the remote attack surface entirely at the cost of blocking legitimate off-campus access; the trade-off can be reduced with a reverse-proxy allowlist or IP allowlisting for staff. Remove or disable the Assignment Management functionality (modules/grades/Assignments.php) for non-administrative roles, or block requests to that path from accounts that do not need gradebook assignment management - this eliminates the vulnerable code path but disables assignment management for teachers until a fix lands. Enforce least privilege on the application accounts so that only staff who genuinely need gradebook access hold sessions capable of reaching the endpoint, and audit/reduce the number of low-privileged accounts. Deploy a WAF or proxy rule that rejects requests whose Tables parameter contains SQL metacharacters or unexpected identifiers; this is a defensive heuristic with a false-positive risk and should be tuned and logged before enforcement. Finally, run the database backend under a least-privileged account (read-only where feasible for the web user) and monitor database statement logs for anomalous table names or unexpected SELECT activity from the web tier, since a WAF can be bypassed by encoding tricks. Monitoring the vendor repository and https://vuldb.com/vuln/411870 for an official fix is recommended, and any patched release should be applied as soon as it is published.

Affected VersionsENISA

openSIS-Classic 9.0
openSIS-Classic 9.1
openSIS-Classic 9.2
openSIS-Classic 9.3

Affected Packages

euvd opensis_classic no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is a PHP web application - OS4ED openSIS-Classic, a student information system - and the root cause is CWE-89 (SQL Injection). The function DBQuery_assignment in modules/grades/Assignments.php constructs a database query in which the Tables argument is taken from request input and concatenated into the SQL statement rather than being bound as a parameter. Because SQL identifiers such as table names generally cannot be parameterized through prepared-statement placeholders, the correct fix requires strict allowlisting of the permitted table/identifier values, not merely escaping. The CPE entry cpe:2.3:a:os4ed:opensis-classic:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* uses a wildcard version, indicating the code path is present across the 9.x line up to 9.3 and no version-bounded fix is recorded. The CVSS 4.0 entry (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) and the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N) agree on a network-reachable, low-complexity injection that requires a low-privileged authenticated account and no user interaction; the assessed confidentiality impact is high, reflecting that a database read primitive in a student information system exposes records beyond the attacker's nominal role.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulDB) PRIMARY 2.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
vuln.today AI 7.1 HIGH

Remote SQLi needing only a low-privileged account (PR:L, AC:L); injection enables broad DB read (C:H) with limited write (I:L), no availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Severity Changed
Sep 30, 2026 - 12:22 NVD
MEDIUM LOW
CVSS changed
Sep 30, 2026 - 12:22 NVD
5.3 (MEDIUM) 2.1 (LOW)
CVE Published
Sep 30, 2026 - 11:15 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.3

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was identified in OS4ED openSIS-Classic up to 9.3. The impacted element is the function DBQuery_assignment of the file modules/grades/Assignments.php of the component Assignment Management Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument Tables leads to sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 76% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source PHP student information system, limited school deployments
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment CIRCL GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

30
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +10
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

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