Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessObtain content-authoring/adapter influence
-
DeliveryAuthor .org file with @@html:@@ or Org export block
-
ExploitHugo renders text/org unescaped into published page
-
ExecutionMalicious script served in site HTML
-
ImpactScript executes in visitor browsers
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that the affected page's source file or content-adapter output declares the text/org media type (Org Mode content) - Org export blocks and @@html:...@@ snippets are the specific injection vectors. The attacker must be able to supply or influence a content file under /content or the output of a content adapter, i.e. at least author/contributor-level control over content sources. Limiting factors: sites that fully trust all their content sources are explicitly not impacted (single-author or fully-vetted-content sites); a visitor must load the poisoned page (UI:A/UI:R); and after v0.166.0 the security.allowContent allowlist denies text/org by default, so patched sites are unaffected unless they explicitly opt back in with [security] allowContent = ['.*']. Non-Org sites are not exposed at all. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but modest-priority stored XSS in Hugo's Org Mode rendering path. All exploitation-probability signals are quiet: no CISA KEV listing, no EPSS score supplied, and no public POC - so per available data this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis,' not active exploitation. The vendor CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N, score 5.1) is internally consistent with a client-side XSS: no impact to the vulnerable system itself (VC/VI/VA:N) but Low confidentiality/integrity impact to the subsequent system (SC:L/SI:L) - the visitor's browser - and required user interaction (UI:A, a visitor loading the page). The one signal worth contesting is PR:N: exploitation requires the attacker to supply or influence a /content file or content-adapter output, which is effectively author/contributor-level write access to the site source, so a PR:L framing is more defensible (reflected in my assessed vectors). The medium CVSS is not inflated - but it is not urgent either: impact is confined to script execution in visitors' browsers, gated on a non-default content type (text/org) and an untrusted-content authoring model. Overall a real defense-in-depth fix rather than a fire-drill; prioritize on sites that ingest Org Mode content from partially-trusted contributors or content adapters. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A multi-author Hugo site (or one using a content adapter pulling from an external source) accepts an Org Mode (.org / text/org) content file from a partially-trusted contributor. The attacker embeds an Org export block or an @@html:<script>...@@ snippet, which Hugo renders unescaped into the published HTML, so the script executes in the browser of every visitor to that page (session/cookie theft, defacement, drive-by actions). No public exploit code is identified, but the injection technique is trivial and documented in the advisory. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 26, 2026
Stored cross-site scripting in Hugo's Org Mode rendering path affects the static site generator from v0.56.0 through v0.165.x: content files (or content-adapter output) declared as the text/org media type are rendered with raw HTML passed through unescaped, so Org export blocks and @@html:...@@ snippets are emitted verbatim into the generated site. An attacker with the ability to supply or influence a content file under /content - at least author/contributor-level content privileges per the assessed vector (CVSS:3.1 PR:L) - can plant script that executes in the browsers of visitors who load the affected page (UI:R). Only Org-declared pages are exposed; sites that fully trust all content sources are explicitly not impacted, and this is not confirmed actively exploited (not in CISA KEV) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis, making it a genuine but modest-priority issue rather than a mass-exploitation risk. Version v0.166.0 resolves it by denying text/org by default through a new security.allowContent allowlist.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: 0.166.0 - upgrade Hugo to v0.166.0 or later, which fixes the issue by adding a security.allowContent allowlist that denies the text/org media type by default, so existing Org-typed content no longer renders raw HTML through export blocks or @@html:...@@ snippets. If the site intentionally authors Org Mode content, note that the documented opt-in, [security] allowContent = ['.*'] in the site configuration, restores the previous permissive behavior and re-exposes the XSS vector in full, so it should only be used where every content source and every content adapter output is fully trusted and write access to /content is restricted to vetted contributors. Where upgrading immediately is not possible, the practical compensating controls are to stop publishing text/org-typed content (convert Org sources to Markdown or HTML output that Hugo escapes), block or sanitize Org raw-HTML constructs (#+begin_export html and @@html:...@@) in any pre-build pipeline before Hugo renders them - accepting the trade-off that this breaks legitimate Org export usage - and tighten repository and CI/CD permissions so that untrusted parties cannot land content files or content adapters in the build. Additional detail is in the vendor advisory at https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/security/advisories/GHSA-pq74-mj4h-cjq2 and the VulnCheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/hugo-before-0.166.0-cross-site-scripting-via-text-org.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-79 (improper neutralization of input during web page generation). Hugo maps source files and content-adapter output to media types and dispatches them to the matching renderer; anything declaring text/org goes through the Org Mode renderer, which honors Org's native escape hatches for raw HTML - export blocks (e.g. #+begin_export html) and inline @@html:...@@ snippets. Those constructs are, by design, passthrough mechanisms, and Hugo applied no sanitization or escaping before writing the rendered result into the static output, so attacker-influenced markup becomes stored script on the generated page and runs under the site's origin for every visitor. Because Hugo is a build-time generator, the injected payload is baked into the published HTML rather than executed in a runtime template engine, which is why the exposure is bounded to builds that actually contain text/org content and why the fix is a content-type allowlist rather than an output filter. CPE tracking is cpe:2.3:a:gohugoio:hugo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, EUVD lists the range as hugo 0.56.0 <0.166.0, and tags (XSS, Hugo, Gohugoio) align with the CWE-79 classification. Note the vendor-published CVSS 4.0 vector (5.1, PR:N) and our assessed CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) differ on privileges required; the exploitation conditions - a contributing author must control or influence the Org-typed content - support the assessed PR:L premise.
Know when Hugo gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
PR:L because the attacker needs content-authoring/adapter influence; S:C and C:L/I:L because injected script executes in the visitor's browser (separate security scope); A:N as availability is unaffected.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Hugo is a static site generator. In versions from v0.56.0 through v0.165.x, content files mapped to the text/org media type are rendered without escaping raw HTML: Org export blocks and @@html:...@@ snippets pass HTML through unescaped, resulting in cross-site scripting (XSS) in the generated site. An attacker who can supply or influence a content file under /content or the output of a content adapter can inject scripts that execute in the browsers of visitors to the affected pages. Only pages whose source file or content-adapter output declares the text/org media type are affected, and sites that fully trust all content sources are not impacted. Version v0.166.0 fixes the issue by introducing a security.allowContent allowlist that denies text/org by default; sites that intentionally author Org Mode content can opt back in with [security] allowContent = ['.*'].
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
Hugo is a fast and Flexible Static Site Generator built in Go. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.5), this vulnerability is rem
Sandbox/permission-restriction bypass in the Hugo static site generator (versions after v0.43, fixed in v0.165.0) lets a
Arbitrary command execution in Hugo 0.162.0 through 0.164.x occurs when the static site generator builds a project whose
Arbitrary file disclosure in the Hugo static site generator (versions after v0.123.0 and before v0.165.0) lets an attack
Symlink-following flaws in Hugo's theme and module mount confinement allow files outside a project's mount roots to be r
Arbitrary file read in Hugo v0.161.0 through v0.165.0 allows an attacker who can contribute content to a Hugo project -
Case-sensitivity bypass in Hugo's security.http.urls IP-literal deny rule lets builds running v0.162.0 through v0.165.x
Server-side request forgery in Hugo static site generator (versions 0.91.0 through 0.165.0) allows an attacker who can s
Local file disclosure in Hugo v0.162.0 through v0.166.x allows an attacker-controlled theme or module to place a symlink
Path traversal in Hugo's asset pipeline lets a malicious theme or module bundle files from outside the project root into
Path traversal in Hugo's css.Sass transpilation pipeline (all versions before v0.167.0) lets a malicious theme or module
Symlink traversal in Hugo's virtual filesystem (v0.123.0-v0.163.0) allows a symlink planted inside a theme or local moun
EUVD-2026-87667
GHSA-98xc-jpvp-56pj
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB