What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9577?

CVE-2025-9577 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 1.1 (Low). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2025-9577?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2025-9577. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-9577?

During next maintenance window: Apply vendor patches when convenient. Monitor vendor channels for updates.

X2000r Firmware CVE-2025-9577

LOW

Use of Default Credentials (CWE-1392)

2025-08-28 cna@vuldb.com

Information Disclosure X2000r Firmware TOTOLINK

1.1

CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vuldb

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-1392 OWASP Top 10:2025 A07:2025 - Authentication Failures ASVS 5.0 V6 - Authentication Default credential prevention
Impact	CVSS score of 2.0 (LOW). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, high complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.02%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A local attacker with access to the system could gain access using factory-default usernames and passwords.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).

No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A security flaw has been discovered in TOTOLINK X2000R up to 2.0.0. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.0). Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Force credential change on first use, remove default accounts, document required credential changes.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Use of Default Credentials (CWE-1392), which allows attackers to gain access using factory-default usernames and passwords. A security flaw has been discovered in TOTOLINK X2000R up to 2.0.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /etc/shadow.sample of the component Administrative Interface. The manipulation results in use of default credentials. Attacking locally is a requirement. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. Affected products include: Totolink X2000R Firmware. Version information: up to 2.0.0..

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (vuldb) PRIMARY 1.1 LOW

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Primary rating from Vendor (vuldb) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: vuldb

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

High

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

None

Vulnerable system: Availability

None

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

CVSS changed

Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD

2.0 (LOW) 1.1 (LOW)

PoC Detected

Sep 09, 2025 - 19:13 vuln.today

Public exploit code

CVE Published

Aug 28, 2025 - 19:15 nvd

LOW 2.0

DescriptionCVE.org

A security flaw has been discovered in TOTOLINK X2000R up to 2.0.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /etc/shadow.sample of the component Administrative Interface. The manipulation results in use of default credentials. Attacking locally is a requirement. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-9577 is a low-severity vulnerability in TOTOLINK X2000R (CVSS 2.0). The limited severity suggests constrained impact, typically requiring specific conditions or local access for exploitation. Apply vendor updates when available as part of routine maintenance.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch during routine maintenance. Standard security controls provide adequate interim protection.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 94% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

5 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity LOW

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +6

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.