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Nr1800x Firmware CVE-2025-60686

MEDIUM
Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
2025-11-13 cve@mitre.org
5.1
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mitre
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 5.1 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.03%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A local stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the infostat.cgi and cstecgi.cgi binaries of ToToLink routers (A720R V4.1.5cu.614_B20230630, LR1200GB V9.1.0u.6619_B20230130, and NR1800X. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-121. A local stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the infostat.cgi and cstecgi.cgi binaries of ToToLink routers (A720R V4.1.5cu.614_B20230630, LR1200GB V9.1.0u.6619_B20230130, and NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703). Both programs parse the contents of /proc/net/arp using sscanf() with "%s" format specifiers into fixed-size stack buffers without length validation. Specifically, one function writes user-controlled data into a single-byte buffer, and the other into adjacent small arrays without bounds checking. An attacker who controls the contents of /proc/net/arp can trigger memory corruption, leading to denial of service or potential arbitrary code execution. Affected products include: Totolink A720R Firmware, Totolink Lr1200Gb Firmware, Totolink Nr1800X Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (mitre) PRIMARY 5.1 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

Primary rating from Vendor (mitre) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: mitre

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

2
PoC Detected
Nov 19, 2025 - 17:41 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Nov 13, 2025 - 16:15 nvd
MEDIUM 5.1

DescriptionCVE.org

A local stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the infostat.cgi and cstecgi.cgi binaries of ToToLink routers (A720R V4.1.5cu.614_B20230630, LR1200GB V9.1.0u.6619_B20230130, and NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703). Both programs parse the contents of /proc/net/arp using sscanf() with "%s" format specifiers into fixed-size stack buffers without length validation. Specifically, one function writes user-controlled data into a single-byte buffer, and the other into adjacent small arrays without bounds checking. An attacker who controls the contents of /proc/net/arp can trigger memory corruption, leading to denial of service or potential arbitrary code execution.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-60686 presents moderate security risk, a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 5.1. Exploitation could cause memory corruption or application crashes. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: enable ASLR/DEP, apply network segmentation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 91% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

46
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a720r_firmware:4.1.5cu.614_b20230630:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:totolink:lr1200gb_firmware:9.1.0u.6619_b20230130:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:totolink:nr1800x_firmware:9.1.0u.6681_b20230703:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2025-45841 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 08

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the text parameter

CVE-2023-7220 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jan 09

A vulnerability was found in Totolink NR1800X 9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 and classified as critical. Rated critical severity

CVE-2023-36340 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 16

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the http_host parameter in the fu

CVE-2022-41525 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 06

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the OpModeCfg fu

CVE-2022-41522 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 06

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 was discovered to contain an unauthenticated stack overflow via the "main" funct

CVE-2022-41518 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 06

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the UploadFirmwa

CVE-2025-45845 HIGH POC
8.8 May 08

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the ssid5g paramet

CVE-2025-45844 HIGH POC
8.8 May 08

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the ssid parameter

CVE-2025-45843 HIGH POC
8.8 May 08

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the ssid parameter

CVE-2025-45842 HIGH POC
8.8 May 08

TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the ssid5g paramet

CVE-2026-1328 HIGH POC
8.8 Jan 22

Buffer overflow in Totolik NR1800X firmware allows authenticated remote attackers to achieve complete system compromise

CVE-2022-44256 HIGH POC
8.8 Nov 23

TOTOLINK LR350 V9.3.5u.6369_B20220309 contains a post-authentication buffer overflow via parameter lang in the setLangua

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