Hyper Data Protector
CVE-2025-59388
CRITICAL
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication No hard-coded passwords
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS 9.8 (Critical). Network vector, no auth (hardcoded creds are static), low complexity. Backup systems contain copies of critical data and often have broad network access. EPSS 0.23%. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker reverse-engineers the Hyper Data Protector binary or finds the hardcoded credentials online. They authenticate to exposed instances, access all backup data, and potentially deploy ransomware through the backup agent's push capabilities. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026
QNAP Hyper Data Protector before 2.3.1.455 contains hard-coded credentials that allow remote unauthenticated attackers to gain unauthorized access to backup management functions, potentially compromising all backed-up data across the organization.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
QNAP Hyper Data Protector uses hard-coded passwords, enabling unauthenticated remote access to the backup management system.
RemediationAI
Update to Hyper Data Protector 2.3.1.455 or later. Restrict network access to the backup management interface. Audit backup access logs for unauthorized connections.
Affects your stack
Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The application embeds hard-coded credentials (CWE-259) that cannot be changed by administrators. Any attacker who discovers these credentials (through reverse engineering or public disclosure) can authenticate to the backup system remotely.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionCVE.org
A use of hard-coded password vulnerability has been reported to affect Hyper Data Protector. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to gain unauthorized access.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: Hyper Data Protector 2.3.1.455 and later
Zero Day Initiative Advisories
Executive ViewAI
Organizations using unauthorized access. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following face critical risk from CVE-2025-59388 rated CVSS 9.8. Successful exploitation could critically impact the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems. Organizations should apply vendor updates immediately when available and implement compensating controls in the interim.
Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB