What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-59154?

CVE-2025-59154 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.9 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

Which versions of Apache are affected by CVE-2025-59154?

Organizations using Openfire should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-59154 rated CVSS 5.9. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments.. A patch is available.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-59154?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Apache CVE-2025-59154

MEDIUM

Authentication Bypass by Spoofing (CWE-290)

2025-09-15 security-advisories@github.com

Authentication Bypass Apache

5.9

CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory

Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY

5.9 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 31, 2026 - 21:13 nvd

Patch available

Analysis Generated

Mar 28, 2026 - 19:12 vuln.today

CVE Published

Sep 15, 2025 - 20:15 nvd

MEDIUM 5.9

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Openfire is an XMPP server licensed under the Open Source Apache License. Openfire’s SASL EXTERNAL mechanism for client TLS authentication contains a vulnerability in how it extracts user identities from X.509 certificates. Instead of parsing the structured ASN.1 data, the code calls X509Certificate.getSubjectDN().getName() and applies a regex to look for CN=. This method produces a provider-dependent string that does not escape special characters. In SunJSSE (sun.security.x509.X500Name), for example, commas and equals signs inside attribute values are not escaped. As a result, a malicious certificate can embed CN= inside another attribute value (e.g. OU="CN=admin,"). The regex will incorrectly interpret this as a legitimate Common Name and extract admin. If SASL EXTERNAL is enabled and configured to map CNs to user accounts, this allows the attacker to impersonate another user. The fix is included in Openfire 5.0.2 and 5.1.0.

AnalysisAI

Openfire is an XMPP server licensed under the Open Source Apache License. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.

Technical ContextAI

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-290. Openfire is an XMPP server licensed under the Open Source Apache License. Openfire’s SASL EXTERNAL mechanism for client TLS authentication contains a vulnerability in how it extracts user identities from X.509 certificates. Instead of parsing the structured ASN.1 data, the code calls X509Certificate.getSubjectDN().getName() and applies a regex to look for CN=. This method produces a provider-dependent string that does not escape special characters. In SunJSSE (sun.security.x509.X500Name), for example, commas and equals signs inside attribute values are not escaped. As a result, a malicious certificate can embed CN= inside another attribute value (e.g. OU="CN=admin,"). The regex will incorrectly interpret this as a legitimate Common Name and extract admin. If SASL EXTERNAL is enabled and configured to map CNs to user accounts, this allows the attacker to impersonate another user. The fix is included in Openfire 5.0.2 and 5.1.0.

Affected ProductsAI

See vendor advisory for affected versions.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.