What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-54411?

CVE-2025-54411 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.4 (Low). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-54411?

During next maintenance window: Apply vendor patches when convenient. Verify cross-site scripting controls are in place.

Discourse CVE-2025-54411

LOW

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79)

2025-08-19 security-advisories@github.com

XSS Discourse

2.4

CVSS 4.0 · GitHub Advisory

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-79 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping MITRE ATT&CK 2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 2.4 (LOW). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, user interaction required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.03%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A local attacker with access to the system could inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).

Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability could allow attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Sanitize all user input, use Content-Security-Policy headers, encode output contextually (HTML, JS, URL). Use frameworks with built-in XSS protection.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79), which allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Welcome banner user name string for logged in users can be vulnerable to XSS attacks, which affect the user themselves or an admin impersonating them. Admins can temporarily alter the welcome_banner.header.logged_in_members site text to remove the preferred_display_name placeholder, or not impersonate any users for the time being. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.5.0.beta8. Affected products include: Discourse.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 2.4 LOW

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

Passive

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

Low

Vulnerable system: Availability

None

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 28, 2026 - 19:07 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Aug 19, 2025 - 17:15 nvd

LOW 2.4

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Welcome banner user name string for logged in users can be vulnerable to XSS attacks, which affect the user themselves or an admin impersonating them. Admins can temporarily alter the welcome_banner.header.logged_in_members site text to remove the preferred_display_name placeholder, or not impersonate any users for the time being. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.5.0.beta8.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-54411 is a low-severity vulnerability in Discourse involving cross-site scripting (CVSS 2.4). The limited severity suggests constrained impact, typically requiring specific conditions or local access for exploitation. A patch is available and can be applied during standard maintenance windows.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch during routine maintenance. Standard cross-site scripting mitigations apply if patching is delayed.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 90% exploitable

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity LOW

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +12

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Scripting MEDIUM

Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:*:*:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta1:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta2:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta3:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta4:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta5:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta6:*:*:beta:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:discourse:discourse:3.5.0:beta7:*:*:beta:*:*:*

More in Discourse

View all

CVE-2025-48954 HIGH Act Now POC

8.1 Jun 25

Discourse versions prior to 3.5.0.beta6 contain a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in social login fun

CVE-2022-46162 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Nov 30

discourse-bbcode is the official BBCode plugin for Discourse. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is

CVE-2026-27934 HIGH This Week POC

8.7 Mar 19

Unauthorized information disclosure in Discourse discussion platform versions prior to 2026.3.0-latest.1, 2026.2.1, and

CVE-2024-47773 HIGH This Week POC

8.2 Oct 08

Discourse is an open source platform for community discussion. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.2), this vulnerability is rem

CVE-2026-26265 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Feb 26

Discourse versions prior to 2025.12.2, 2026.1.1, and 2026.2.0 contain an insecure direct object reference (IDOR) in the

CVE-2021-3138 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Jan 14

In Discourse 2.7.0 through beta1, a rate-limit bypass leads to a bypass of the 2FA requirement for certain forms. Rated

CVE-2026-26077 MEDIUM This Month POC

6.5 Feb 26

Unauthenticated attackers can submit forged webhook payloads to multiple email provider integrations in Discourse versio

CVE-2023-38706 MEDIUM This Month POC

6.5 Sep 15

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploi

CVE-2024-53991 MEDIUM This Month POC

5.9 Dec 19

Discourse is an open source platform for community discussion. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is r

CVE-2025-48877 CRITICAL Act Now

9.8 Jun 09

Discourse versions prior to 3.4.4 (stable), 3.5.0.beta5 (beta), and 3.5.0.beta6-dev (tests-passed) contain a critical vu

CVE-2023-47121 CRITICAL Act Now

9.8 Nov 10

Discourse is an open source platform for community discussion. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is

CVE-2022-39355 CRITICAL Act Now

9.8 Oct 26

Discourse Patreon enables syncronization between Discourse Groups and Patreon rewards. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8

Same weakness CWE-79 – Cross-site Scripting (XSS)

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CVE-2020-3580 MEDIUM POC

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CVE-2013-7389 MEDIUM POC

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CVE-2021-25299 MEDIUM POC

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CVE-2014-2120 MEDIUM

6.1

CVE-2023-40000 HIGH POC

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CVE-2016-8581 MEDIUM POC

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CVE-2013-5223 MEDIUM POC

5.4

CVE-2025-52367 MEDIUM POC

5.4

Same technique XSS

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CVE-2017-9248 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2013-1710 CRITICAL POC

10.0

CVE-2024-52875 HIGH POC

8.8

References

Advisories & patches

PATCH https://github.com/discourse/discourse/commit/a3374d2850f07444d113216e1d539ee21650dbff REF https://github.com/discourse/discourse/security/advisories/GHSA-5mm6-j5vq-6884

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GitHub PoC

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