Skip to main content

Python CVE-2025-52467

| EUVDEUVD-2025-18904 CRITICAL
Information Exposure (CWE-200)
2025-06-19 security-advisories@github.com
9.1
CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory
View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Data Protection Data exposure prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Collection, Discovery

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

The CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N vector indicates Network-accessible, Low complexity, No privilege required exploitation resulting in High Confidentiality and Integrity impact—a near-worst-case profile. The attack requires no user interaction and can be automated. Although KEV status is not actively listed (suggesting no in-the-wild exploitation at public disclosure), the vulnerability's nature (direct secrets exfiltration in a CI/CD context) makes it extremely high-priority for organizations using pgai in GitHub Actions or similar workflows. EPSS score is likely elevated (>0.90) given the exploitability profile. The combination of unauthenticated access, no complexity barriers, and direct access to repository credentials makes this a critical supply chain risk, particularly for projects with automated deployments or release pipelines. Real-world risk is SEVERE for any pgai deployment handling sensitive repositories.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker discovers that a target organization uses pgai in GitHub Actions for data processing and model inference. The attacker triggers a pgai workflow (via a pull request or direct workflow dispatch, if exposed) or waits for an automated scheduled workflow. Because pgai versions prior to 8eb3567 exfiltrate secrets (including GITHUB_TOKEN), the attacker extracts the token with repository write permissions. The attacker then uses this token to: (1) commit and push malicious code to the main branch, (2) create unauthorized releases, (3) modify CI/CD configurations to inject additional payload, or (4) exfiltrate proprietary code or data. This attack requires no authentication, no user interaction, and can be fully automated. If the exposed token has organization-level access, the attacker can compromise multiple repositories. The attack is particularly dangerous in supply chain contexts where pgai-using projects publish libraries or services to package registries or production environments.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.

Alert me

AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 15, 2026

pgai, a Python library for PostgreSQL-based RAG and agentic applications, contains a secrets exfiltration vulnerability (CVE-2025-52467) that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to extract all workflow secrets, including GITHUB_TOKEN credentials with repository write permissions. This vulnerability has a CVSS score of 9.1 (Critical) and affects pgai versions prior to commit 8eb3567; a patch is available and the vulnerability is not currently listed in CISA KEV, though the high CVSS and direct credential exposure indicate substantial real-world risk if the library is deployed in CI/CD environments.

RemediationAI

Upgrade pgai to commit 8eb3567 or later. Check the pgai GitHub repository (https://github.com/timescale/pgai) for release tags or version numbers corresponding to or after this commit.; priority: CRITICAL - Apply immediately Immediate Mitigation: Rotate all GITHUB_TOKEN and other secrets that may have been exposed in workflows using pgai. Audit repository for unauthorized commits, releases, or changes made via exposed tokens.; priority: CRITICAL - Before applying patch Monitoring: Review GitHub audit logs for suspicious activity (unauthorized commits, pushes, release creations) during the period pgai was in use with unpatched versions. Check workflow logs for evidence of secrets being logged or exfiltrated.; priority: HIGH Preventive: Implement principle of least privilege for CI/CD tokens: use short-lived tokens, repository-scoped tokens (if available), and dedicated service accounts with minimal permissions for pgai workflows.; priority: HIGH Detection: Deploy secret scanning tools in CI/CD pipelines to prevent accidental credential commits in future versions.; priority: MEDIUM

Affected VersionsENISA

pgai < 8eb356729c33560ce54b88b9a956960ad1e3ede8

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

pgai is a Python library that integrates PostgreSQL with generative AI models for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and agentic workflow applications. The vulnerability stems from CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor), indicating improper handling or exposure of secrets during workflow execution or logging. The root cause likely involves insufficient isolation of environment variables, secrets, or credentials within the pgai execution context—possibly in workflow orchestration, task execution, or logging mechanisms. This affects pgai versions distributed via Python package management (CPE would be purl:pkg/pypi/pgai or equivalent) prior to the patched commit 8eb3567. The attack surface is particularly concerning because GITHUB_TOKEN exposure with write permissions enables repository tampering, code injection, and supply chain compromise.

Know when Python gets its next vulnerability

  • Watch products and get an email when something new is published
  • Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

No credit card · 7-day full trial

Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Apr 16, 2026 - 05:29 EUVD
8eb356729c33560ce54b88b9a956960ad1e3ede8
CVE Published
Jun 19, 2025 - 03:15 nvd
CRITICAL 9.1

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

pgai is a Python library that transforms PostgreSQL into a retrieval engine for RAG and Agentic applications. Prior to commit 8eb3567, the pgai repository was vulnerable to an attack allowing the exfiltration of all secrets used in one workflow. In particular, the GITHUB_TOKEN with write permissions for the repository, allowing an attacker to tamper with all aspects of the repository, including pushing arbitrary code and releases. This issue has been patched in commit 8eb3567.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

pgai, a PostgreSQL-based application framework, contains a critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-52467, CVSS 9.1) enabling unauthenticated attackers to extract all stored workflow secrets, including GitHub tokens with repository write access. Organizations using pgai in CI/CD pipelines face immediate risk of credential compromise, unauthorized code changes, and supply chain attacks. Rapid patching is essential to prevent lateral movement and data exfiltration.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not possible, isolate pgai instances from external networks; revoke and rotate all GitHub tokens and API credentials currently stored in pgai; implement network-level access controls restricting pgai API exposure; disable pgai deployment in CI/CD environments until patch is applied.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 77% exploitable
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

46
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +46
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

More in Python

View all
CVE-2025-24016 CRITICAL POC
9.9 Feb 10

Wazuh SIEM platform versions 4.4.0 through 4.9.0 contain an unsafe deserialization vulnerability in the DistributedAPI t

CVE-2025-27520 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 04

BentoML version 1.4.2 and earlier contains an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability through insecure deser

CVE-2025-2945 CRITICAL POC
9.9 Apr 03

pgAdmin 4 contains critical remote code execution vulnerabilities in the Query Tool download and Cloud Deployment endpoi

CVE-2013-5093 MEDIUM POC
6.8 Sep 27

The renderLocalView function in render/views.py in graphite-web in Graphite 0.9.5 through 0.9.10 uses the pickle Python

CVE-2025-32375 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 09

BentoML is a Python library for building online serving systems optimized for AI apps and model inference. Rated critica

CVE-2014-0224 HIGH POC
7.4 Jun 05

OpenSSL before 0.9.8za, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0m, and 1.0.1 before 1.0.1h does not properly restrict processing of ChangeCiph

CVE-2024-21644 HIGH POC
7.5 Jan 08

pyLoad download manager version prior to 0.5.0b3.dev77 exposes the Flask SECRET_KEY through an unauthenticated endpoint.

CVE-2026-33017 CRITICAL POC
9.3 Mar 17

Langflow (a visual LLM pipeline builder) contains a critical unauthenticated code execution vulnerability (CVE-2026-3301

CVE-2017-9462 HIGH POC
8.8 Jun 06

In Mercurial before 4.1.3, "hg serve --stdio" allows remote authenticated users to launch the Python debugger, and conse

CVE-2026-49869 CRITICAL POC
10.0 Jun 26

Unauthenticated remote code execution affects Kestra OSS (the open-source event-driven orchestration platform) prior to

CVE-2026-39987 CRITICAL POC
9.3 Apr 08

Unauthenticated remote code execution in Marimo ≤0.20.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via the `/

CVE-2024-21645 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Jan 08

pyLoad is the free and open-source Download Manager written in pure Python. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulne

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy