EUVD-2025-21127CVSS Vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:L/SA:H
Lifecycle Timeline
3Description
A CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy vulnerability exists that could cause root password discovery when the password generation algorithm is reverse engineered with access to installation or upgrade artifacts.
Analysis
CVE-2025-50122 is a cryptographic entropy vulnerability (CWE-331) in password generation algorithms that allows attackers with access to installation or upgrade artifacts to reverse engineer and discover root passwords. This affects products using insufficient entropy in their root password generation during deployment phases. With a CVSS score of 8.9 and network-adjacent attack vector, this poses a critical risk to systems deployed in environments where installation artifacts may be accessible or retained. The vulnerability requires moderate attack complexity but no user interaction, making it viable for targeted attacks against infrastructure during or shortly after deployment.
Technical Context
CWE-331 (Insufficient Entropy) describes a cryptographic weakness where random number generation uses inadequate entropy sources for security-critical operations. In this case, root password generation during installation/upgrade procedures relies on predictable or insufficiently random seed values. Attackers can reconstruct the Random Number Generator (RNG) state by analyzing installation artifacts (logs, configuration files, system state snapshots) and deterministically reproduce the exact password generation sequence. This attack is feasible because: (1) installation/upgrade artifacts often contain metadata enabling RNG state inference, (2) the password generation algorithm itself may be deterministic once the seed is known, and (3) root password entropy is finite and may be brute-forced if the RNG output space is limited. The vulnerability exists at the intersection of cryptography (weak RNG), system administration (artifact retention), and software lifecycle management (deployment procedures).
Affected Products
The CVE description does not specify product name, vendor, or version. CPE data is absent from the provided input. To properly scope this vulnerability, obtain: (1) the affected product vendor and name, (2) version range (e.g., 'all versions prior to 2025-Q1 patch'), (3) affected installation/upgrade paths (major install vs. in-place upgrade). Contact the vulnerability source (NVD, vendor advisory, or reporting organization) for CVE-2025-50122 CPE entries in the format cpe:2.3:a:vendor:product:version:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. Without this data, remediation cannot be targeted. Request the vendor advisory URL immediately.
Remediation
Mitigation steps (in priority order): (1) Obtain and apply the vendor patch that increases RNG entropy (use cryptographically strong sources: /dev/urandom on Linux, CryptGenRandom on Windows, or FIPS-approved libraries). (2) For unpatched systems: regenerate root passwords immediately post-deployment using a secure offline password manager; delete or encrypt installation/upgrade artifacts to prevent RNG state reconstruction. (3) Implement installation artifact lifecycle controls: segregate installation media from production networks, encrypt artifact storage, maintain detailed audit logs of artifact access. (4) Rotate root credentials on all affected systems deployed in the past [X] months (vendor-dependent). (5) If in-place upgrade is vulnerable, perform only offline/air-gapped upgrades or delay until patch available. Vendor patch version and availability window should be obtained from the CVE's official advisory or CISA KEV catalog. Test patches in non-production first given the bootstrap nature of root password security.
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