What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-48413?

CVE-2025-48413 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.7 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-48413?

Within 7 days: Identify all affected systems and apply vendor patches promptly. Audit authentication configurations and rotate any potentially compromised credentials.

CVE-2025-48413

HIGH

Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798)

2025-05-21 551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf

Authentication Bypass

7.7

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY

7.7 HIGH

AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Analysis Generated

Mar 28, 2026 - 18:43 vuln.today

CVE Published

May 21, 2025 - 12:16 nvd

HIGH 7.7

DescriptionCVE.org

The /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. The credentials are shipped with the update files. There is no option for deleting or changing their passwords for an enduser. An attacker can use the credentials to log into the device. Authentication can be performed via SSH backdoor or likely via physical access (UART shell).

AnalysisAI

The /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Technical ContextAI

This vulnerability is classified as Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798), which allows attackers to gain access using credentials embedded in source code. The /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. The credentials are shipped with the update files. There is no option for deleting or changing their passwords for an enduser. An attacker can use the credentials to log into the device. Authentication can be performed via SSH backdoor or likely via physical access (UART shell).

Affected ProductsAI

See vendor advisory for affected versions.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Remove hard-coded credentials, use environment variables or secrets management, rotate exposed credentials immediately.