What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40541?

CVE-2025-40541 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-40541?

Within 24 hours: Inventory all Serv-U installations and document administrative account usage; restrict administrative access to essential personnel only and enforce multi-factor authentication. Within 7 days: Implement network segmentation to isolate Serv-U servers; monitor administrative activity logs for suspicious access patterns; contact Serv-U vendor for patch timeline and interim guidance. Within 30 days: Apply vendor patch immediately upon release; conduct forensic review of administrative activity logs for potential compromise indicators; reset credentials for all administrative accounts.

Windows CVE-2025-40541

CRITICAL

Incorrect Type Conversion or Cast (CWE-704)

2026-02-24 psirt@solarwinds.com

Windows Serv U Solarwinds

9.1

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-704 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Correct type conversion
Impact	CVSS 9.1. IDOR in a file transfer system enables unauthorized access to files uploaded/managed by other users.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	Attacker manipulates object identifiers to access files and data belonging to other Serv-U users.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.

No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

IDOR vulnerability in SolarWinds Serv-U allows accessing objects belonging to other users. Fourth critical Serv-U vulnerability in this batch.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 9.1

Insecure Direct Object Reference in SolarWinds Serv-U.

RemediationAI

Apply SolarWinds update. Implement proper object-level authorization checks.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-704 (misclassified — actually IDOR). Attackers can access resources belonging to other users by manipulating object references.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in Serv-U, which when exploited, gives a malicious actor the ability to execute native code as a privileged account.

This issue requires administrative privileges to abuse. On Windows deployments, the risk is scored as a medium because services frequently run under less-privileged service accounts by default.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A critical vulnerability in Serv-U allows authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges, potentially compromising file servers and sensitive data. Organizations running Serv-U must immediately assess exposure and implement containment measures, as this vulnerability requires no public exploit but poses significant risk to data integrity and confidentiality.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Restrict administrative access to Serv-U via network segmentation and VPN; implement privileged access management (PAM) to monitor and log all administrative sessions; disable unnecessary Serv-U administrative features; enable detailed audit logging on Serv-U administrative actions; implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) on systems hosting Serv-U to detect code execution anomalies; monitor outbound network connections from Serv-U servers for command-and-control communication.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 94% exploitable

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Very High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +46

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:solarwinds:serv-u:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/servu/content/release_notes/servu_15-5-4_release_notes.htm ADVISORY https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2025-40541

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GitHub PoC

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