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Membership Management System CVE-2025-3998

MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)
2025-04-28 cna@vuldb.com
6.9
CVSS 4.0 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Impact

CVSS score of 6.9 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.20%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-74. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file renew.php?id=6. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Affected products include: Codeastro Membership Management System.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 6.9 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
PoC Detected
May 14, 2025 - 19:49 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Apr 28, 2025 - 04:15 nvd
MEDIUM 6.9

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file renew.php?id=6. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using A vulnerability classified as critical should be aware of notable risk from CVE-2025-3998, a injection vulnerability rated CVSS 6.9. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute code or inject malicious input. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Moderate
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: deploy WAF rules, restrict network access, enable logging.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 58% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes

Priority Score

54
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +34
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:codeastro:membership_management_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2025-70150 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 18

Missing authentication in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 delete_members.php allows unauthenticated deletion

CVE-2025-70149 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 18

SQL injection in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 via ID parameter in print_membership_card.php enables unauth

CVE-2024-25867 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Feb 28

A SQL Injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Membership Management System in PHP v.1.0 allows a remote attacker to execute

CVE-2024-25869 HIGH POC
8.8 Feb 28

An Unrestricted File Upload vulnerability in CodeAstro Membership Management System in PHP v.1.0 allows a remote attacke

CVE-2024-25866 HIGH POC
8.8 Feb 28

A SQL Injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Membership Management System in PHP v.1.0 allows a remote attacker to execute

CVE-2024-46472 HIGH POC
8.6 Sep 27

CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the parameter 'email' in the Login Page. R

CVE-2025-70148 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 18

Missing authentication and authorization in print_membership_card.php in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 allo

CVE-2024-46471 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 27

The Directory Listing in /uploads/ Folder in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 exposes the structure and conten

CVE-2024-2333 HIGH POC
7.2 Mar 09

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. Rated high severity

CVE-2024-2149 HIGH POC
7.2 Mar 03

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. Rated high severity (CVS

CVE-2024-1819 HIGH POC
7.2 Feb 23

A vulnerability was found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerabil

CVE-2024-1818 HIGH POC
7.2 Feb 23

A vulnerability was found in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Rated high severity

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