What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-28031?

CVE-2025-28031 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.3%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2025-28031?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2025-28031. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 0.3%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-28031?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

A810R Firmware CVE-2025-28031

MEDIUM

Use of Hard-coded Password (CWE-259)

2025-04-22 cve@mitre.org

Authentication Bypass A810R Firmware TOTOLINK

6.5

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-259 OWASP Top 10:2025 A07:2025 - Authentication Failures ASVS 5.0 V6 - Authentication No hard-coded passwords MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 6.5 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.26%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for the telnet service in product.ini. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-259. TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for the telnet service in product.ini. Affected products include: Totolink A810R Firmware.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

Low

Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

PoC Detected

Apr 29, 2025 - 16:21 vuln.today

Public exploit code

CVE Published

Apr 22, 2025 - 16:15 nvd

MEDIUM 6.5

DescriptionCVE.org

TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for the telnet service in product.ini.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 should be aware of notable risk from CVE-2025-28031 rated CVSS 6.5. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Moderate

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.3%

Top 51% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 0.3%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +32

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a810r_firmware:4.1.2cu.5182_b20201026:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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