What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-26633?

CVE-2025-26633 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.0 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 7.1%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2025-26633?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2025-26633. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 7.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-26633?

Within 24 hours: Identify all affected systems and apply vendor patches immediately. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Windows 10 1507 CVE-2025-26633

HIGH

Improper Neutralization (CWE-707)

2025-03-11 secure@microsoft.com

Authentication Bypass Microsoft Windows 10 1507 Windows 10 1607 Windows 10 1809 Windows 10 21h2 Windows 10 22h2 Windows 11 22h2 Windows 11 23h2 Windows 11 24h2 Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2019 Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2022 23h2 Windows Server 2025

7.0

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-707 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Improper neutralization
Impact	CVSS 7.0 (High). KEV-listed with active exploitation by Water Gamayun/EncryptHub APT group. EPSS 7.1%. Public PoC available. Requires user interaction (opening .msc file) but bypasses built-in trust warnings. Used in real campaigns deploying info-stealers.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	The Water Gamayun threat group sends phishing emails with attached or linked .msc files. When opened, the crafted file exploits the MMC bypass to execute without triggering security warnings. The payload deploys info-stealing malware that harvests browser credentials, cryptocurrency wallets, and system information. The .msc format is particularly effective because it's associated with legitimate admin tools and may bypass email filters.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV) No patch listed yet 7.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

A security feature bypass in Microsoft Management Console (MMC) allows attackers to evade security warnings and execute malicious code locally. KEV-listed and tracked as CVE-2025-26633, this vulnerability has been actively exploited by the Water Gamayun threat group (also tracked as EncryptHub) using crafted .msc files to deploy info-stealing malware. Public PoC is available and EPSS is 7.1%.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 19:52 CVSS 7.0

Microsoft Management Console (MMC) contains an improper neutralization vulnerability (CWE-707) that allows unauthorized attackers to bypass security features designed to prevent execution of untrusted snap-in files (.msc), enabling local code execution.

RemediationAI

Apply Microsoft security update immediately. Block .msc file attachments at email gateways. Educate users about risks of opening .msc files from untrusted sources. Monitor for suspicious MMC execution patterns. Consider ASR (Attack Surface Reduction) rules to restrict .msc execution.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

MMC is a built-in Windows framework for managing system snap-ins (.msc files). The vulnerability allows attackers to craft malicious .msc files that bypass the trust validation and warning mechanisms normally preventing execution of untrusted snap-ins. This is particularly effective because .msc files are commonly used by administrators and are often trusted by security tools. The Water Gamayun/EncryptHub group has been observed chaining this with social engineering.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.0 HIGH

AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Added to CISA KEV

Oct 27, 2025 - 17:13 cisa

CISA KEV

PoC Detected

Oct 27, 2025 - 17:13 vuln.today

Public exploit code

CVE Published

Mar 11, 2025 - 17:16 nvd

HIGH 7.0

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper neutralization in Microsoft Management Console allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using Improper neutralization in Microsoft Management Console face moderate risk from CVE-2025-26633 rated CVSS 7.0. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. This vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild (KEV-listed) and requires immediate remediation. Immediate patching is required per CISA KEV mandate.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Threat Score

4.6/10

Composite threat intelligence

EPSS Score

7.1%

Top 9% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

6 sources

Confidence: High

NVD

CVE.org

CISA KEV

EPSS

Exploit-DB

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV Yes

Public POC Yes

EPSS 7.1%

Patch available No

Active threat Yes

Deciding rule

Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Out-of-Cycle

Exploitation· derived

Active

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Very High

Priority Score

112

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: +50

EPSS: +7

CVSS: +35

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x86:*

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-26633 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/299376 REF https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-26633

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

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