What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-12790?

CVE-2025-12790 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.4 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-12790?

Within 30 days: Identify all affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Rubygem MQTT. By CVE-2025-12790

HIGH

Path Traversal: '\\..\\filename' (CWE-29)

2025-11-06 secalert@redhat.com

Information Disclosure

7.4

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: redhat

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-29 OWASP Top 10:2025 A01:2025 - Broken Access Control ASVS 5.0 V5 - File Handling Path traversal prevention
Impact	CVSS score of 7.4 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.07%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the high-severity affected system.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).

Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affected Packages

rubygems mqtt fix: 0.7.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in rubygems

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-29. A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 7.4 HIGH

AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Red Hat 7.4 HIGH

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 31, 2026 - 21:13 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Nov 06, 2025 - 21:15 nvd

HIGH 7.4

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using A flaw face moderate risk from CVE-2025-12790 rated CVSS 7.4. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: Moderate

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 78% exploitable

Data Quality

5 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS Vendor

GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +37

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.