What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-0890?

CVE-2025-0890 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 23.8%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-0890?

Within 24 hours: Identify all affected systems running the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware and apply vendor patches immediately. Audit authentication configurations and rotate any potentially compromised credentials.

Vmg1312 B10A Firmware CVE-2025-0890

CRITICAL

Improper Authentication (CWE-287)

2025-02-04 security@zyxel.com.tw

Authentication Bypass Zyxel Vmg1312 B10A Firmware Vmg1312 B10B Firmware Vmg1312 B10E Firmware Vmg3312 B10A Firmware Vmg3313 B10A Firmware Vmg3926 B10B Firmware Vmg4325 B10A Firmware Vmg4380 B10A Firmware Vmg8324 B10A Firmware Vmg8924 B10A Firmware Sbg3300 N000 Firmware Sbg3300 Nb00 Firmware Sbg3500 N000 Firmware Sbg3500 Nb00 Firmware

9.8

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-287 OWASP Top 10:2025 A07:2025 - Authentication Failures ASVS 5.0 V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation MITRE ATT&CK 2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 23.79%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A remote attacker could bypass authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.

No patch listed yet 23.8% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED Insecure default credentials for the Telnet function in the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware version 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615 could allow an attacker to log in. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.8% and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Implement multi-factor authentication, enforce strong password policies, use proven authentication frameworks.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Improper Authentication (CWE-287), which allows attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access. UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED Insecure default credentials for the Telnet function in the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware version 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615 could allow an attacker to log in to the management interface if the administrators have the option to change the default credentials but fail to do so. Affected products include: Zyxel Vmg4325-B10A Firmware, Zyxel Sbg3500-N000 Firmware, Zyxel Vmg1312-B10A Firmware, Zyxel Vmg1312-B10B Firmware, Zyxel Vmg1312-B10E Firmware. Version information: version 1.00.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED Insecure default credentials for the Telnet function in the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware version 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615 could allow an attacker to log in to the management interface if the administrators have the option to change the default credentials but fail to do so.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware face critical risk from CVE-2025-0890, a improper authentication vulnerability rated CVSS 9.8. Attackers could bypass security controls to gain unauthorized access to protected resources and sensitive data. With an EPSS score of 24%, exploitation is likely in exposed deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates immediately when available and implement compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls; (2) Enable MFA where possible; (3) Monitor authentication logs for anomalous access.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

23.8%

Top 4% exploitable

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 23.8%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.