What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-4557?

CVE-2023-4557 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.5%.

Inventory Management System CVE-2023-4557

CRITICAL

SQL Injection (CWE-89)

2023-08-27 cna@vuldb.com

PHP SQLi Inventory Management System Inventory Management System Project

9.8

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-89 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements MITRE ATT&CK 2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A remote attacker could execute arbitrary SQL commands against the database by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.

No patch listed yet 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Use parameterized queries/prepared statements. Never concatenate user input into SQL. Apply least-privilege database permissions.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as SQL Injection (CWE-89), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the database. A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file app/ajax/search_purchase_paymen_report.php. The manipulation of the argument customer leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-238158 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. Affected products include: Inventory Management System Project Inventory Management System.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionNVD

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file app/ajax/search_purchase_paymen_report.php. The manipulation of the argument customer leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-238158 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.5%

Top 59% exploitable

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.5%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: +1

CVSS: +49

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL Injection HIGH

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:inventory_management_system_project:inventory_management_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Inventory Management System

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CVE-2023-4749 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Sep 04

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Rated cr

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9.8 Aug 27

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Rated critical sever

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9.8 Aug 20

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0.php.

CVE-2023-4201 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Aug 07

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CVE-2023-46449 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Oct 26

Sourcecodester Free and Open Source inventory management system v1.0 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. Rated hi

CVE-2023-4449 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Aug 21

A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Free and Open Source Inventory Management System 1.0. Rated high severity (C

CVE-2023-4199 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Aug 07

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Rated hi

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9.8 Aug 20

A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Rated criti

CVE-2023-4437 CRITICAL Act Now

9.8 Aug 20

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. Rated cr

CVE-2023-4184 CRITICAL Act Now

9.8 Aug 06

A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0 and classified as critical.php. Rated critic

CVE-2023-4183 CRITICAL Act Now

9.8 Aug 06

A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0 and classified as problematic. Rated cr

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References

Advisories & patches

REF https://github.com/ZhangXiaoDan1/cve_hub/blob/main/Free%20and%20Open%20Source%20inventory%20management%20system%20-%20vuln%204.pdf REF https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.238158 REF https://vuldb.com/?id.238158

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GitHub PoC

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