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Fortivoice CVE-2023-37931

HIGH
SQL Injection (CWE-89)
2025-01-14 psirt@fortinet.com
8.8
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 8.8 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.56%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker could execute arbitrary SQL commands against the database by sending crafted requests to the affected application.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.6% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') vulnerability [CWE-88] in FortiVoice Entreprise version 7.0.0 through 7.0.1 and before 6.4.8 allows an. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 28, 2026 - 18:03 CVSS 8.8

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Use parameterized queries/prepared statements. Never concatenate user input into SQL. Apply least-privilege database permissions.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as SQL Injection (CWE-89), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the database. An improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') vulnerability [CWE-88] in FortiVoice Entreprise version 7.0.0 through 7.0.1 and before 6.4.8 allows an authenticated attacker to perform a blind sql injection attack via sending crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests Affected products include: Fortinet Fortivoice. Version information: version 7.0.0.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 8.8 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') vulnerability [CWE-88] in FortiVoice Entreprise version 7.0.0 through 7.0.1 and before 6.4.8 allows an authenticated attacker to perform a blind sql injection attack via sending crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using FortiVoice Entreprise face significant risk from CVE-2023-37931, a SQL injection vulnerability rated CVSS 8.8. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or commands on affected systems, potentially leading to full system compromise. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Deploy WAF rules to block injection patterns; (2) Restrict network access to affected components; (3) Enable enhanced logging for suspicious activity.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.6%
Top 32% exploitable
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.6%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

45
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortivoice:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortivoice:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Arbitrary file write and folder deletion in Fortinet FortiManager, FortiOS, and FortiProxy is possible via a path traver

CVE-2020-9294 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 27

An improper authentication vulnerability in FortiMail 5.4.10, 6.0.7, 6.2.2 and earlier and FortiVoiceEntreprise 6.0.0 an

CVE-2024-48885 CRITICAL
9.1 Jan 16

Privilege escalation via path traversal affects multiple Fortinet appliances - FortiWeb (6.4, 7.0, 7.2, 7.4.0-7.4.4, 7.6

CVE-2025-60024 HIGH
8.8 Dec 09

Arbitrary file write via path traversal in the FortiVoice web management interface (FortiVoice 7.0.0 through 7.0.7 and 7

CVE-2024-26013 HIGH
7.5 Apr 08

A improper restriction of communication channel to intended endpoints vulnerability [CWE-923] in Fortinet FortiOS versio

CVE-2025-47856 HIGH
7.2 Oct 14

OS command injection in Fortinet FortiVoice allows an authenticated administrator to execute arbitrary operating-system

CVE-2025-64156 HIGH
7.2 Dec 09

Authenticated attackers with administrative privileges can exploit a SQL injection flaw in Fortinet FortiVoice to execut

CVE-2021-42757 MEDIUM
6.7 Dec 08

A buffer overflow [CWE-121] in the TFTP client library of FortiOS before 6.4.7 and FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.2, may allo

CVE-2023-37932 MEDIUM
6.5 Jan 10

An improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') vulnerability [CWE-22] in FortiVoiceEn

CVE-2025-58693 MEDIUM
6.5 Jan 13

An improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiVoice 7

CVE-2021-24008 MEDIUM
5.3 Mar 28

An exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere vulnerability [CWE-497] in FortiDDoS versi

CVE-2022-23439 MEDIUM
4.7 Jan 22

A externally controlled reference to a resource in another sphere vulnerability in Fortinet allows attacker to poison we

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