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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-307
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Brute-force prevention, rate limiting
Impact

CVSS score of 4.4 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, high privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

Dell BIOS contains an Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-307. Dell BIOS contains an Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability. A local authenticated malicious administrator could exploit this vulnerability to bypass excessive NVMe password attempt mitigations in order to carry out a brute force attack. Affected products include: Dell Latitude 5310 2-In-1 Firmware, Dell Latitude 5320 Firmware, Dell Latitude 5400 Firmware, Dell Latitude 5411 Firmware, Dell Latitude 5500 Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.4 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

DescriptionNVD

Dell BIOS contains an Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability. A local authenticated malicious administrator could exploit this vulnerability to bypass excessive NVMe password attempt mitigations in order to carry out a brute force attack.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 87% exploitable
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low
NVD CVE.org EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5310_2-in-1_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5320_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5400_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5411_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5520_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_5511_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_7212_rugged_extreme_tablet_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_7280_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_7320_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_7370_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_7420_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_7480_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_9410_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_9510_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:latitude_9520_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:optiplex_3080_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:optiplex_3280_aio_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:optiplex_7480_aio_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:dell:precision_3551_ffirmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
+ 1 more

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Same weakness CWE-307 – Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

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CVE-2022-33106 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2026-44596 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2024-43042 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2024-39225 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2024-24767 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2023-6272 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2023-6756 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2023-49443 CRITICAL POC
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Same technique Authentication Bypass

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CVE-2015-3306 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2023-22515 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2012-4681 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2013-2465 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-3544 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2022-40684 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2025-61882 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2024-0012 CRITICAL POC
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References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000191495/

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