Loofah
CVE-2018-16468
MEDIUM
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 5.4 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, user interaction required. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users by sending crafted requests to the affected application. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAI
In the Loofah gem for Ruby, through v2.2.2, unsanitized JavaScript may occur in sanitized output when a crafted SVG element is republished. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
RemediationAI
No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Sanitize all user input, use Content-Security-Policy headers, encode output contextually (HTML, JS, URL). Use frameworks with built-in XSS protection.
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in rubygems
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79), which allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. In the Loofah gem for Ruby, through v2.2.2, unsanitized JavaScript may occur in sanitized output when a crafted SVG element is republished. Affected products include: Loofah Project Loofah, Debian Debian Linux.
Know when Loofah gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionNVD
In the Loofah gem for Ruby, through v2.2.2, unsanitized JavaScript may occur in sanitized output when a crafted SVG element is republished.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
Affected Products (CPE)NVD
rails-html-sanitizer is responsible for sanitizing HTML fragments in Rails applications. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1
Loofah is a general library for manipulating and transforming HTML/XML documents and fragments, built on top of Nokogiri
Loofah is a general library for manipulating and transforming HTML/XML documents and fragments, built on top of Nokogiri
Loofah is a general library for manipulating and transforming HTML/XML documents and fragments, built on top of Nokogiri
In the Loofah gem through 2.2.0 for Ruby, non-whitelisted HTML attributes may occur in sanitized output by republishing
In the Loofah gem for Ruby through v2.3.0 unsanitized JavaScript may occur in sanitized output when a crafted SVG elemen
SVG href attribute bypass in Loofah prior to 2.25.2 allows a crafted sanitized SVG to reference arbitrary same-origin ex
Cross-site scripting in Loofah 2.25.0-2.25.1 is possible when applications call `Loofah::HTML5::Scrub.allowed_uri?` dire
Cross-site scripting bypass in Loofah 2.25.0-2.25.1 allows attackers to smuggle `javascript:` URIs past the `allowed_uri
Exploit-DB